خصائص المرأة المسلمة

[أبو نعيم إحسان]

بسم الله و الحمد لله و الصلاة و السلام على رسول الله و على آله و صحبه و من والاه؛ أما بعد:


1- أنها تتمسك بكتاب الله وبسنة رسول الله صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم في حدود ما تستطيع على فهم السلف الصالح .

2- وينبغي لها أيضا أن تتعامل مع المسلمين معاملة طيبة بل ومع الكافرين ،فإن الله عزوجل يقول في كتابه الكريم : (وقولوا للناس حسنا) البقرة 83 ، ويقول : (إن الله يأمركم أن تؤدوا الأمانات إلى أهلها) النساء58، ويقول أيضا : (وإذا قلتم فاعدلوا) الأنعام 158 ، ويقول سبحانه وتعالى : (يا أيها الذين آمنوا كونوا قوامين بالقسط شهداء لله ولو على أنفسكم أو الوالدين والأقربين إن يكن غنيا أو فقيرا فالله أولى بهما فلا تتبعوا الهوى أن تعدلوا وإن تلووا أو تعرضوا فإن الله بما تعملون خبيرا) النساء 135
3- كما أنه يجب عليها أن تلازم اللباس الإسلامي وأن تبتعد عن التشبه بأعداء الإسلام ، روى الإمام أحمد في مسنده من حديث عبدالله بن عمر رضي الله عنهما قال : قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم : " من تشبه بقوم فهو منهم " .
ورب العزة يقول في شأن اللباس : (يا أيها النبي قل لأزواجك وبناتك ونساء المؤمنين يدنين عليهن من جلابيبهن ذلك أدنى أن يُعرفن فلا يُؤذين) الأحزاب 59
وروى الترمذي في جامعه من حديث عبدالله بن مسعود رضي الله تعالى عنه قال : قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم : " المرأة عورة فإذا خرجت استشرفها الشيطان"

4- وننصحها أن تُحسن إلى زوجها إذا أرادت الحياة السعيدة فإن النبي صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم يقول : " إذا دعا الرجل امرأته إلى فراشه فأبت لعنتها الملائكة " متفق عليه . وفي صحيح مسلم : " إلا كان الذي في السماء غاضبا عليها "

5- وهكذا أيضا تقوم برعاية أبنائها رعاية إسلامية فقد روى البخاري ومسلم في صحيحيهما من حديث عبدالله بن عمر رضي الله عنهما قال : قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم : " كلكم راع وكلكم مسؤول عن رعيته " وذكر المرأة أنها : " راعية في بيت زوجها ومسؤولة عن رعيتها "
وفي الصحيحين من حديث معقل بن يسار رضي الله عنه قال : قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم : " ما من راع يسترعيه الله رعية ، ثم لم يحطها بنصحه إلا لن يجد رائحة الجنة " فلا ينبغي أن تشغلها الدعوة عن تربية أبنائها .

6- كما أنه ينبغي لها أن ترض بما حكم الله من تفضيل الرجل على المرأة ، يقول سبحانه وتعالى : (ولا تتمنوا ما فضل الله به بعضكم على بعض) النساء32، ويقول سبحانه وتعالى : (الرجال قوامون على النساء بما فضل الله به بعضهم على بعض وبما أنفقوا من أموالهم فالصالحات قانتات حافظات للغيب بما حفظ الله واللاتي تخافون نشوزهن فعظوهن واهجروهن في المضاجع واضربوهن فإن أطعنكم فلا تبغوا عليهن سبيلا) النساء 34
وفي الصحيحين من حديث أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه قال : قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم : " استوصوا بالنساء خيرا فإنهن خُلقن من ضِلع ، وإن أعوج ما في الضِلع أعلاه ، فإن ذهبت تقيمه كسرته ، وإن تركته لم يزل به عوج "
فينبغي للمرأة أن تصبر على ما قدّر الله لها من تفضيل الرجل عليها وليس معناه أن يستعبدها ، الرسول صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم يقول - كما في جامع الترمذي : " استوصوا بالنساء خيرا ، فإنما هن عوان عندكم ، لاتملكون منهن غير ذلك ألا وإن لكم في نساءكم حقا ، ألا وإن لنسائكم عليكم حقا ، فحقكم عليهن أن لا يوطئن فرشكم من تكرهون ولا يأذنّ في بيوتكم من تكرهون ، وحقهن عليكم أن تحسنوا إليهن في طعامهن وكسوتهن " وفي السنن ومسند الإمام أحمد من حديث معاوية بن حيدة أن رجلا قال : يا رسول الله ما حق زوج أحدنا عليه ؟ قال : " أن تطعمها إذا أطعمت ، وتكسوها إذا اكتسيت ، ولا تضرب الوجه ولا تقبح ، ولا تهجر إلا في البيت " .
فماذا- بارك الله فيكم - فينبغي أن نتعاون جميعا على الخير ، الرجل يعامل امرأته معاملة إسلامية ويعينها على طلب العلم ويعينها على الدعوة إلى الله ، والمرأة تعامل زوجها معاملة إسلامية وتعينه على العلم وعلى الدعوة إلى الله وعلى حسن التدبير لما في البيت ، فإن الله عزوجل يقول : (وتعاونوا على البر والتقوى ولا تعاونوا على الإثم والعدوان) المائدة2 والله المستعان

الشيخ مقبل بن هادي الوادعي -رحمه الله تعالى-

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