كيف يتم توليد الطاقة الكهربائية في الطائرة [الأرشيف]

دائمة الذكر

27-01-2011, 03:08 PM

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله

كيف يتم توليد الطاقة الكهربائية في الطائرة

هل عن طريق البطاريات أم عن طريق المولد بمعني هل يكون التيار متناوبا أم مستمرا وكيف يتم توزيعهاالى نقاط التغذية في الطائرة ؟ .. وكيف يكون نظام التأريض بالطائرة ؟ وكيف تتم حماية الطائرة من الصواعق وهي في الجو؟؟

..................................................
الكهرباء في الطائرات الكبيره يتم انتاجه عن طريق مولدات

"GENERATORS" خاصه تدار في كل محرك وموصله بمحول لتحويل

التيار من ثابت الى متردد لان الطائرات تحتوي على اجهزه تعمل على التيارين المتردد والمستمر ..
ولكن لنساءل كيف يتم تشغيل الطائره في البدايه وما هو مصدر الطاقه؟
في كل طائره يوجد بطاريات ضخمه تدير

أحد المحركات ويسمى" AUXULARY POWER UNIT " او " APU" أي مصدر الطاقة الاضافي يمكن رؤيته في خلفية الطائره واضحا وهو :
مولد يعمل على هذه البطاريات وبعد الحصول على الطاقه من هذا المود وبعد تشغيل المحركات وبعد بدء المولدات الاساسيه يتم اقفال او قطع الكهرباء من هذا المولد الاحتياطي ويكون اعتماد الطائره على المولدات الاساسيه لكل محرك...وعادة يستخدم في الحالات الطارئه عند فقد التيار من جميع المولدات الرئيسيه .....

وعموما الانظمه الكهربائيه في الطائره لا تختلف عن الانظمه الكهربائيه العاديه في انتاج الطاقه والمحولات وانواع التيارات ووجود

ما يسمى بالـ " bus-bar " و " bus-tie " في المحولات وكذلك التمديدات الا انها تخضع لاشد المقاييس من اجل السلامه ......
وفي هذه الصوره رسم توضيحي وتبسيطي للدوائر الكهربائيه الرئسيه لمصادر الطاقه الكهربائيه للطائره

http://www.air.flyingway.com/airlogo/airframe/apu.gif

وهنا توضيح لازرار التحكم والتشغيل للنظام الكهربائي

http://www.air.flyingway.com/airlogo/airframe/contb.gif

وهذا هي شاشة العرض لايضاح الحاله الكهربائيه لكل مولد والنظام التشغيلي الكهربائي لدى الطيار في الكبينه

http://www.air.flyingway.com/airlogo/airframe/syse.gif

اما السؤال عن الحمايه من الصواعق فمعضم الطائرات مصمم للتخلص من شحنات الصواعق والبرق وذلك بوجود ما يسمى بالـ " STATIC WAKES " وهي تعمل على " DISCHARGING " للشحنات الخارجيه لكن الاماكن المعدنيه مثل الاجنحه

والمحركات فانها تكون خطيره جدا على الطائره اذا ما تعرضت لشحنات البرق وبجود ايضا ما يسمى بال " WAKES " وذلك للتخلص من الشحنات الاستاتكيه ..

صورة لطائرة الخطوط اليابانيه وهي تتعرض لصاعقه كهربائيه بعد اقلاعها مباشره من المطار
http://www.air.flyingway.com/airlogo/airframe/strligt.gif

رسم يدوي يوضح وضع الطائره وهي تتعرض للصاعقه

http://flj1.homestead.com/files/drwinstr.jpg

اما التأريض في الطائرات فهو لا يختلف كليا عن اي نوع من انوع التأريض العاديه ...فيتم توصيل اي من اطراف الطائره بالارض بموصل كهربائي الى الارض وعادة لايتم توصيل الطائره الا في حالة وجود صواعق في الجو او متوقعه ... او عند تعبئتها بالوقود ....

طبعا ملاحظين بالطياره اســفل كل مقعد بلوك للكهرباء يتم التحكم به من مقصوره الطائره وهو لكل بلوك فولتيه ثابته ومحدده
لشحن جهاز الابتوب والخ

the.edge

24-07-2025, 04:49 PM

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