أوجاع العمود الفقري

[نبيل عزاب]

أوجاع العمود الفقري


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يشتكي عدد من الناس من آلام الظهر الذي يعني أوجاع الفقرات، وقد تخص هذه الآلام أي منطقة من العمود الفقري، سواء الرقبة، أو أعلى الظهر بين الكتفين، أو أسفل الظهر، أي القطن.
لا يفرق الكثـير بين أوجاع الظهر وأوجاع الكلى. فكل من أحس بأوجاع على مستوى ظهره على شكل حزام، يظن أنه مريض بالكلى ويصر على ذلك، وهذا غير صحيح، بحيث أن الأوجاع التي تخص الكلى تكون محصورة على مستوى القطن، ومتبوعة بأعراض تخص الوظيفة البولية، كنقصان التبول أو تكرّره أو وجود الدم في البول أو الانتفاخ أو الحمى... ، وأعراض أخرى تخص الجهاز الهضمي أو القلب أو النسيج الدموي... . أما الأوجاع التي تخص العمود الفقري، فتزيد حدّتها أثـناء الحركة أو المشي أو عند تغيير وضعية الجلوس. ولأوجاع العمود الفقري أنواع، بعضها يكون على شكل حاد وأخرى على شكل مزمن. وترجع أسباب الأولى إلى ضرر على مستوى الأعصاب كعصب النسا، أما الثـانية، فغالبا ما ترجع إلى تضرر العظم أو اعوجاج العمود الفقري.
أوجاع العمود الفقري الحادة أحيانا تخص القطن، وتكون على شكل أوجاع شديدة يسبّبها تقلص حاد ومطول لعضلات الجهة السفلى للظهر، أي القطن، وسببه غالبا ما يعود إلى فتق القرص ما بين الفقرات، وأحيانا أخرى يعود إلى اعوجاج العمود الفقري، سواء احديداب أو تقوس. وفي هذه الحالة، يكون المصاب في حاجة إلى اتباع العلاج بمهدئات الآلام والنوم على فراش متين (وضع الفراش على الأرض مباشرة)، كما يمكن استعمال التداوي بالحرارة أيضا ثـم القيام ببعض التمرينات الرياضية. أما أحيانا أخرى، فتكون على شكل عرق النسا التي تختلف عن الأولى بصفتها أكثـر حدة منها، وتكون ممتدة طول الطرف السفلي انطلاقا من القطن أحيانا على جهة واحدة وأحيانا أخرى على الجهتين (أي الطرفين). وغالبا ما يعود سببها إلى فتق القرص ما بين الفقرات، هنا أيضا، يكون المريض بحاجة إلى النوم على فراش متين وتناول بعض المهدئات للأوجاع التي تحقق تراجع الآلام. أما في حالة تكرارها، فيمكن اللجوء إلى عملية جراحية.
الأوجاع المزمنة تعود غالبا إلى تضرر العظم الذي يؤدي إلى اعوجاج الفقرات أو إلى فقدان التوازن الذي يميز العمود الفقري، إما بالالتواء أو الإحديداب أو التقوس.

[karima.t]

جزاك الله كل خير

[دائمة الذكر]

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جزاااااااااااك الله كل خير

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