Incendie dans une centrale nucléaire

[أبو محمود]

Un incendie s'est déclaré vendredi dans une centrale nucléaire à Onagawa, dans le nord-est du Japon, après le séisme très violent qui a frappé l'archipel, rapporte l'agence Kyodo. Il n'y a aucun signe de fuite radioactive, a déclaré l'opérateur de la centrale, Tohoku Electric Power. Le gouvernement a décidé de déclarer une situation d'urgence nucléaire, qui se déclenche en cas de fuites radioactives ou de panne du système de refroidissement d'un réacteur, annoncent parallèlement les médias japonais.
La préfecture de Fukushima, où se trouve une centrale nucléaire gérée par Tokyo Electric Power, a parallèlement démenti que le système de refroidissement de l'installation subisse des dysfonctionnements, contrairement à une information précédemment diffusée. Selon l'Agence internationale de l'énergie atomique (AIEA), les quatre centrales nucléaires les plus proches de l'épicentre du séisme, survenu à 130 km à l'est du port septentrional de Sendai, ont été fermées sans problème.

[أبو محمود]

Selon un porte-parole du gouvernement, Yukio Edano, le sarcophage métallique abritant le réacteur n'a pas été affecté par l'explosion. Il a précisé que le niveau de radiation autour de la centrale n'avait pas augmenté après la déflagration, mais au contraire était en train de diminuer, tout comme la pression à l'intérieur du réacteur.
Les autorités nippones n'ont pas donné d'évaluation précise des niveaux de radioactivité à l'extérieur de la centrale. Mais avant l'explosion, un responsable de l'agence japonaise de sûreté nucléaire, Ryohei Shiomi, avait précisé qu'à un certain point, la centrale relâchait en une heure le niveau de radiation qu'une personne absorbe normalement en un an.
Les autorités comptaient distribuer de l'iode aux habitants de la zone, selon l'Agence internationale de l'énergie atomique. L'iode permet de lutter contre les effets de la pollution radioactive.
La zone d'évacuation autour de la centrale a été étendue à un rayon de 20 kilomètres contre dix initialement et la population invitée à quitter les lieux rapidement. Quelque 51.000 personnes avaient déjà été évacuées précédemment. D'après l'Agence météorologique nippone, le vent dans la région est faible et orienté vers le nord-est, vers la mer.
La compagnie TEPCO (Tokyo Electric Power), qui exploite la centrale, rapportait que quatre employés avaient été blessés et hospitalisés pour des fractures et hématomes.
Les images de la télévision japonaise montraient les murs d'un bâtiment effondrés, laissant voir la structure métallique encore debout. Des petits nuages de fumée blanche s'échappaient de la centrale.
Les problèmes ont commencé dans le réacteur No1 de la centrale située dans la localité d'Onahama (270km au nord-est de Tokyo), après le séisme de magnitude 8,9 et le tsunami qui a suivi vendredi. L'alimentation électrique a été coupée provoquant la défaillance du système de refroidissement.
La pression s'est alors accumulée dans le réacteur, pour atteindre le double du niveau normal. L'Agence japonaise de sécurité nucléaire avait alors informé la presse que des "vapeurs radioactives" étaient relâchées pour faire baisser la pression. Un responsable de cette agence, Ryohei Shiomi, a prévenu ensuite qu'une fusion du réacteur était possible.
Avant même l'explosion de samedi, le réacteur No1 avait déjà laissé échapper de la radioactivité. Des niveaux de radioactivité huit fois supérieurs à la normale avaient ainsi été mesurés à l'extérieur de la centrale et un millier de fois supérieurs à la normale à l'intérieur de la salle centrale du réacteur No1.
Après le séisme de magnitude 8,9 qui a frappé vendredi les côtes nord-est du Japon, provoquant un tsunami, le gouvernement a décrété l'état d'urgence pour cinq réacteurs nucléaires de deux centrales qui ont perdu leurs capacités de refroidissement. AP

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