أسماء القرآن وصفاته

[نبيل عزاب]

أسماءُ القرآن وصفاتُه



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ذكر علماء القرآن والتفسير عدة أسماء وألقاب سَمّى الله تعالى بها القرآن، وعبّر بها عنه ويمكن تصنيف تلك الأسماء إلى ثلاث مجموعات:

المجموعة الأولى:
وهي طائفة من الأسماء التي تشير إلى ذات الكتاب وحقيقته، وهي:
1 ـ الكتاب: قال تعالى: "تِلْكَ آيَاتُ الْكِتَابِ الْمُبِينِ" يوسف ـ 2.
2 ـ القرآن: قال تعالى: "إِنَّ هَذَا الْقُرْآنَ يَهْدِي..." الإسراء ـ 9.
3 ـ كلام الله: قال تعالى: "فَأَجِرْهُ حَتَّى يَسْمَعَ كَلاَمَ اللَّهِ" التوبة ـ 6.
4 ـ الروح: قال تعالى: "وَكَذَلِكَ أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ رُوحاً مِنْ أَمْرِنَا" الشورى ـ 52.
5 ـ التنزيل: قال تعالى: "وَإِنَّهُ لَتَنْزِيلُ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ" الشعراء ـ 192.
6 ـ الأمر: قال تعالى: "ذَلِكَ أَمْرُ اللَّهِ" الطلاق ـ 5.
7 ـ القول: قال تعالى: "وَلَقَدْ وَصَّلْنَا لَهُمْ الْقَوْلَ" القصص ـ 51.
8 ـ الوحي: قال تعالى: "إِنَّمَا أُنذِرُكُمْ بِالْوَحْيِ" الأنبياء ـ 45.
المجموعة الثانية:
وهي الطائفة التي تشير إلى صفات القرآن الذاتية.
وذلك كالأسماء التالية:
1 ـ الكريم: قال تعالى: "إِنَّهُ لَقُرْآنٌ كَرِيمٌ" الواقعة ـ 77.
2 ـ المجيد: قال تعالى: "بَلْ هُوَ قُرْآنٌ مَجِيدٌ" البروج ـ 21.
3 ـ العزيز: قال تعالى: "إِنَّهُ لَكِتَابٌ عَزِيزٌ" فُصّلت ـ 41.
4 ـ الحكيم والعلي: قال تعالى: "وَإِنَّهُ فِي أُمِّ الْكِتَابِ لَدَيْنَا لَعَلِيٌّ حَكِيمٌ" الزخرف ـ 4 .
5 ـ الصدق: قال تعالى: "وَالَّذِي جَاءَ بِالصِّدْقِ" الزمر ـ 33.
6 ـ الحقّ: قال تعالى: "إِنَّ هَذَا لَهُوَ الْقَصَصُ الْحَقُّ" آل عمران ـ 62.
7 ـ المبارك: قال تعالى: "كِتَابٌ أَنزَلْنَاهُ إِلَيْكَ مُبَارَكٌ" ص ـ 29.
8 ـ العَجَبُ: قال تعالى: "قُرْآناً عَجَباً" الجن ـ 29.
9 ـ العلم: قال تعالى: "وَلَئِنْ اتَّبَعْتَ أَهْوَاءَهُمْ بَعْدَ الَّذِي جَاءَكَ مِنْ الْعِلْمِ" الرعد ـ 37.

المجموعة الثالثة:
وهي الطائفة التي تشير إلى صفات القرآن التأثيرية، والمتجسدة في علاقة القرآن بالناس.

وهي الأسماء التالية:
1 ـ الهدى: قال تعالى: "ذَلِكَ الْكِتَابُ لاَ رَيْبَ فِيهِ هُدًى لِلْمُتَّقِينَ" البقرة ـ 2.
2 ـ الرحمة: قال تعالى: "هُدًى وَرَحْمَةً لِلْمُحْسِنِينَ" لقمان ـ 3.
3 ـ الذكر: قال تعالى: "وَهَذَا ذِكْرٌ مُبَارَكٌ أَنزَلْنَاهُ" الأنبياء ـ 5.
4 ـ الموعظة: قال تعالى: "هَذَا بَيَانٌ لِلنَّاسِ وَهُدًى وَمَوْعِظَةٌ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ" آل عمران ـ 138.
5 ـ الشفاء: قال تعالى: "وَنُنَزِّلُ مِنْ الْقُرْآنِ مَا هُوَ شِفَاءٌ" الإسراء ـ 82.
6 ـ التذكرة: قال تعالى: "كَلاَّ إِنَّهُ تَذْكِرَةٌ" المُدَّثر ـ 54 .
7 ـ المبين: قال تعالى: "تِلْكَ آيَاتُ الْكِتَابِ الْمُبِينِ" يوسف ـ 2.
8 ـ البلاغ: قال تعالى: "إِنَّ فِي هَذَا لَبَلاَغاً لِقَوْمٍ عَابِدِينَ" الأنبياء ـ 105.
9 ـ البشير والنذير: قال تعالى: "بَشِيراً وَنَذِيراً فَأَعْرَضَ" فُصِّلَتْ ـ 4.
10 ـ البصائر: قال تعالى "هَذَا بَصَائِرُ لِلنَّاسِ" الجاثية ـ 20.
11 ـ البيان: قال تعالى: "هَذَا بَيَانٌ لِلنَّاسِ" آل عمران ـ 138.
12 ـ النور: قال تعالى: "وَأَنزَلْنَا إِلَيْكُمْ نُوراً مُبِيناً" النساء ـ 174.

[دائمة الذكر]

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