التمرينات الرياضية تحافظ على عضلة القلب مع تقدم العمر

[نبيل عزاب]

التمرينات الرياضية تحافظ على عضلة القلب مع تقدم العمر

أظهرت دراسة جديدة أن التمرينات الرياضية المستمرة التي يمارسها الفرد طوال عمره تحفظ عضلة القلب لدى كبار السن لمستويات تعادل أو حتى تتجاوز حالة عضلة القلب لدى الشبان ممن لم يعتادوا التمرينات الرياضية.

وشارك في الدراسة 121 شخصاً من أصحاء ليس لديهم تاريخ بمرض القلب، وكان منهم 59 شخصاً لم يعتادوا ممارسة الرياضة.

وتم تقييم التمرينات الرياضية تبعاً لعدد جلسات التدريبات التي تقوّي الجهاز التنفسي والدورة الدموية في كل أسبوع بدلاً من كثافتها أو مدتها، وتم تقسيم المشاركين في الدراسة إلى أربع مجموعات وهي مجموعة لا تمارس الرياضة ومجموعة تمارس الرياضة بشكل غير منتظم مرتان أو ثلاثة أسبوعياً، ومجموعة ملتزمة بالتدريبات الرياضية أربع أو خمس مرات أسبوعياً ومجموعة من الرياضيين المنتظمين ست أو سبع مرات أسبوعياً.

وأظهرت قياسات كتلة القلب التي تقاس بتكنولوجيا التصوير بالرنين المغناطيسي أن كتلة القلب لدى المشاركين في الدراسة غير المعتادين على الرياضة تقلصت مع كبر السن في حين أن كتلة القلب لدى من يمارسون الرياضة طوال حياتهم زادت مع زيادة معدل التمرينات الرياضية.

وأشارت الدراسة إلى أن النشاط البدني يحفظ لعضلة القلب مرونتها كما هو الحال لدى الشبان، ما يظهر أنه عندما يكون الشخص غير معتاد على الرياضة فإن كتلة قلبه تتقلص بمرور كل عقد.

وعلى العكس من ذلك، فإن اعتياد كبار السن التدرب ست أو سبع مرات أسبوعياً طوال حياتهم كبالغين لا يحافظ على كتلة قلوبهم فحسب، بل يزيد منها ما يجعل الكتلة أكبر من كتلة قلب الشخص البالغ الذي لا يمارس الرياضة ويتراوح عمره بين 25 و34 عاماً.

وقال الباحث من مستشفى جون بيتر سميث في فورت وورث بتكساس، الدكتور بول بيلا: "الأمر الذي تتسم به عملية كبر السن في حد ذاتها هو تناقص كتلة القلب خاصة العضلة الهيكلية".

وأضاف: "لكننا نوضح أن هذه العملية لا تقتصر على العضلة الهيكلية فحسب، بل إنها تحدث لعضلة القلب أيضاً، عضلة القلب التي تضمر تصبح أضعف".

وقال أحد الباحثين، بنجامين ليفين: "إذا تمكنا من تحديد أشخاص في منتصف العمر أي في النطاق العمري بين 45 و60 عاماً وجعلناهم يقومون بتمرينات رياضية أربع أو خمس مرات أسبوعياً، فإن هذا قد يساهم بصورة كبيرة في منع بعض من حالات القلب الكبرى للسن الكبير بما في ذلك الأزمات القلبية".

[دائمة الذكر]

http://www.da3yat.com/vb/uploaded/26509_1301706151.gif




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