المرأة المدخنة أكثر عرضة للإصابة بـ ....................

[نبيل عزاب]

المرأة المدخنة أكثر عرضة للإصابة بسرطان الثدي والرئة والقولون

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‫‫أظهرت دراسة أمريكية حديثة أن التدخين لسنوات طويلة يزيد من مخاطر الإصابة بسرطان الثدي والرئة والقولون بين السيدات اللاتي تزيد لديهن مخاطر الإصابة بسرطان الثدي لأسباب متعددة.‬‬

‫‫وقام الباحثون في تلك الدارسة بتحليل كيف يؤثر التدخين وشرب الخمر والنشاط البدني في زيادة مخاطر الإصابة بالعديد من الأمراض السرطانية بين السيدات، خاصة اللاتي لديهن فرص أكبر للإصابة بسرطان الثدي لأسباب وراثية أو للسن أو العوامل الأخرى.‬‬

‫وبالمقارنة مع السيدات اللاتي لم يدخن يوماً ما, وجد الباحثون أن السيدات المدخنات لأكثر من 35 عاماً تزيد لديهن مخاطر الإصابة بسرطان الثدي شديد الانتشار بنسبة 60% أكثر عن السيدات غير المدخنات, كما تزيد لديهن فرص الإصابة بسرطان القولون أربع مرات أكثر من غيرهن.‬‬

‫‫بينما السيدات اللاتي مارسن التدخين لسنوات تتراوح بين 15 إلى 35 سنة تزيد لديهن مخاطر الإصابة بسرطان الثدي بنسبة 34%، ومرض سرطان القولون بنسبة 7% عن غير المدخنات.‬‬

‫‫وبالمقارنة بغير المدخنات, وجد الباحثون أن السيدات اللاتي يدخن أكثر من علبة سجائر باليوم لأكثر من 35 عاماً يكن عرضة للإصابة بسرطان الثدي 30 مرة أكثر، وتقل الخطورة إلى 13 مرة أكثر للسيدات اللاتي يدخن لفترة تقل عن 35 عاماً. ‬‬

‫‫كما أثبتت الدراسة أن السيدات اللاتي لا يمارسن النشاط البدني تزيد لديهن مخاطر الإصابة بسرطان جدار الرحم بنسبة 70%, ربما لأن هؤلاء السيدات يكن من البدينات وهو أحد عوامل خطورة المرض.‬‬

‫‫وسوف يتم عرض هذه الدراسة في السادس من شهر جوان على الاجتماع السنوي للجمعية الأمريكية لطب الأورام في شيكاغو.‬‬

وقالت كاتبة الدراسة ستيفاني لاند الأستاذ المساعد بقسم الإحصاء الحيوية بجامعة بيتسبرج: ‬‬‫‫"هذه هي أول دراسة تقوم باختبار تأثير التدخين على السيدات اللاتي يواجهن مخاطر الإصابة بسرطان الثدي".

‫‫وأضافت "أوضحت نتائجنا زيادة كبيرة في مخاطر الإصابة بأمراض سرطانية عن تلك التي قدمتها دراسات سابقة، إذ ترى الدراسة أن السيدات اللاتي يواجهن مخاطر الإصابة بسرطان الثدي بسبب عوامل وراثية أو عوامل أخرى يصبح التدخين أكثر خطورة في زيادة فرص الإصابة بهذه الأمراض السرطانية". ‬‬

‫‫وحذرت بقولها: "هذه النتائج تبلغ رسالة هامة لكل سيدة لها تاريخ مرضي في أسرتها مع سرطان الثدي أن تحذر التدخين وتمارس التمارين البدنية لتجنب تلك الأمراض الخطيرة".

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