دول قادت عملية تحرير طرابلس

[نبيل عزاب]

قطر والإمارات ومصر وإيطاليا وبلغاريا قادت عملية تحرير طرابلس

كشف تقرير عن الدور المهم الذي لعبته القوات الخاصة من عدد من الدول في القتال ضد النظام الليبي السابق لمعمر القذافي. وقال إن أعدادا من القوات الخاصة من بريطانيا وفرنسا لعبت دورا كبيرا في تدريب مقاتلي المعارضة والتخطيط للعمليات وقامت باختراقات في مدينة طرابلس التي سقطت الشهر الماضي في يد المعارضة حيث عملت على المساعدة في تقدمهم نحوها.
وأعد التقرير المعهد الملكي للدراسات المتحدة في لندن، وأظهر أن قوات من قطر والإمارات ومصر وايطاليا وبلغاريا شاركت بقوات خاصة. وعلى الرغم من عدم وجود معلومات عن إعدادها إلا أن التقرير يقدر عدد الفرقة البريطانية بما بين 10 و40 من وحدات ”أس آي أس”، فيما نشرت فرنسا عددا مشابها أو أكثر، لكن مصر تبدو الدولة الأكثر من ناحية أعداد جنودها حيث نشرت على ما يعتقد حوالى 100 دخلوا ليبيا في شهر مارس الماضي، وأرسلت كل من قطر والإمارات عشرين، أما بلغاريا فقد بلغ عدد جنود النخبة الذين أرسلتهم حوالي 12.
وأشار التقرير إلى أن وجودهم على الأرض أدى لتحسين دقة التصويب وضرب الأهداف في الطلعات الجوية مما أدى لخفض عدد القتلى خاصة أن عمليات تدمير الأهداف لم تؤد إلى وقوع ضحايا بسبب الأضرار الجانبية.
وأثنى التقرير على كل من رئيس الوزراء البريطاني ديفيد كاميرون والرئيس الفرنسي نيكولاي ساركوز ووصفهما ببطلي الصدفة، لأنهما قادا الجهود الدولية للتدخل العسكري واستصدار قرار 1973 لفرض حظر جوي واستخدام كل الوسائل الممكنة لحماية المدنيين، مما أدى الى تغيير المهمة من حماية المدنيين إلى الإطاحة بالنظام. وأشار المعهد المرتبط بالحكومة إلى أنهما، أي كاميرون وساركوزي قادا حربا صغيرة محفوفة بالمخاطر وحققا فيها إنجازا.
ويقول التقرير إن معظم القوات الخاصة استخدمت لجمع معلومات من أجل تحسين قدرة مركز عمليات الناتو على تحديد واختراق العاصمة، وقاموا بنقل معدات وكذلك أداروا عمليات حرب نفسية.
وقال التقرير إن جنود الدول العربية الذين كان بمقدورهم التحرك بحرية بدون أن يكتشفهم الموالون للقذافي قاموا بالدور الأكبر في عمليات التدريب. ويقول التقرير إن قرار الزحف على طرابلس اتخذته المعارضة لكنه جاء نتاجا للجهود التي قامت بها القوات الخاصة الأجنبية.

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