من هو الخواريزمي؟

[أبو محمود]

لم يصلنا سوى القليل عن أخبار الخوارزمي، وما نعرفه عن آثاره أكثر وأهم مما نعرفه عن حياته الخاصة. هو محمد بن موسى الخوارزمي، أصله من خوارزم. ونجهل تاريخ مولده، غير أنه عاصر المأمون، أقام في بغداد حيث ذاع اسمه وانتشر صيته بعدما برز في الفلك والرياضيات. اتصل بالخليفة المأمون الذي أكرمه، وانتمى إلى (بيت الحكمة) وأصبح من العلماء الموثوق بهم. وقد توفي بعد عام 232 هـ

ترك الخوارزمي عدداً من المؤلفات أهمها: الزيج الأول، الزيج الثاني المعروف بالسند هند، كتاب الرخامة، كتاب العمل بالإسطرلاب، كتاب الجبر والمقابلة الذي ألَّفه لما يلزم الناس من الحاجة إليه في مواريثهم ووصاياهم، وفي مقاسمتهم وأحكامهم وتجارتهم، وفي جميع ما يتعاملون به بينهم من مساحة الأرضين وكرى الأنهار والهندسة، وغير ذلك من وجوهه وفنونه. ويعالج كتاب الجبر والمقابلة المعاملات التي تجري بين الناس كالبيع والشراء، وصرافة الدراهم، والتأجير، كما يبحث في أعمال مسح الأرض فيعين وحدة القياس، ويقوم بأعمال تطبيقية تتناول مساحة بعض السطوح، ومساحة الدائرة، ومساحة قطعة الدائرة، وقد عين لذلك قيمة النسبة التقريبية ط فكانت 7/1 3 أو 7/22، وتوصل أيضاً إلى حساب بعض الأجسام، كالهرم الثلاثي، والهرم الرباعي والمخروط.

ومما يمتاز به الخوارزمي أنه أول من فصل بين علمي الحساب والجبر، كما أنه أول من عالج الجبر بأسلوب منطقي علمي
لا يعتبر الخوارزمي أحد أبرز العلماء العرب فحسب، وإنما أحد مشاهير العلم في العالم، إذ تعدد جوانب نبوغه. ففضلاً عن أنه واضع أسس الجبر الحديث، ترك آثاراً مهمة في علم الفلك وغدا (زيجه) مرجعاً لأرباب هذا العلم. كما اطلع الناس على الأرقام الهندسية، ومهر علم الحساب بطابع علمي لم يتوافر للهنود الذين أخذ عنهم هذه الأرقام. وأن نهضة أوروبا في العلوم الرياضية انطلقت ممّا أخذه عنه رياضيوها، ولولاه لكانت تأخرت هذه النهضة وتأخرت المدنية زمناً ليس باليسير

[نوركيم]

شكرا ملولي على هذه المعلومة الجميلة .. و القصيرة في حياة ابرز رجل ف الجبر ..

***
تركواسماءا من ذهب .

[fayeza]

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