ضياء الشمس ونور القمر

[دائمة الذكر]

السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته
لقد فرق العزيز الحكيم في الآية الكريمة ( هُوَ الَّذِي جَعَلَ الشَّمْسَ ضِيَاء وَالْقَمَرَ نُورًا ) بين أشعة الشمس والقمر , فسمى الأولى ضياء والثانية نورا . وإذا نحن فكرنا في أستشارة قاموس عصري لما وجدنا جوابا شافيا للفرق بين الضوء الذي هو أصل الضياء والنور , ولوجدنا أن تعريف الضوء هو النور الذي تدرك به حاسة البصر المواد . وإذا بحثنا عن معنى النور لوجدنا أن النور أصله من نار ينور نورا أي أضاء . فأكثر القواميس لا تفرق بين الضوء والنور بل تعتبرهما مرادفين لمعنى واحد . ولكن الخالق سبحانه وتعالى فرق بينهما فهل يوجد سبب علمي لذلك ؟ دعنا نستعرض بعض الآيات الأخرى التي تذكر أشعة الشمس والقمر . فمثلا في الأيتين التاليتين ( وَجَعَلَ الْقَمَرَ فِيهِنَّ نُورًا وَجَعَلَ الشَّمْسَ سِرَاجًا ) ( وَبَنَيْنَا فَوْقَكُمْ سَبْعًا شِدَادًا * وَجَعَلْنَا سِرَاجًا وَهَّاجًا ) نجد أن الله سبحانه وتعالى شبه الشمس مرة بالسراج وأخرى بالسراج الوهاج والسراج هو المصباح الذي يضيء إما بالزيت أو بالكهرباء . أما أشعة القمر فقد أعاد الخالق تسميتها بالنور وإذا نحن تذكرنا في هذا الصدد معلوماتنا في الفيزياء المدرسية لوجدنا أن مصادر الضوء تقسم عادة إلى نوعين : مصادر مباشرة كالشمس والنجوم والمصباح والشمعة وغيرها , ومصادر غير مباشرة كالقمر والكواكب . والأخيرة هي الأجسام التي تستمد نورها من مصدر آخر مثل الشمس ثم تعكسه علينا . أما الشمس والمصباح فهما يشتركان في خاصية واحدة وهي أنهما يعتبران مصدرا مباشرا للضوء ولذلك شبه الخالق الشمس بالمصباح الوهاج ولم يشبه القمر في أي من الآيات بمصباح . كذلك سمى ما تصدره الشمس من أشعة ضوءا أما القمر فلا يشترك معهما في هذه الصفة فالقمر مصدر غير مباشر للضوء فهو يعكس ضوء الشمس إلينا فنراه ونرى أشعته التى سماها العليم الحكيم نورا . ومن العجيب حقا أننا لم نستوعب هذه الدقة الإلهية في التفرقة بين ضوء الشمس ونور القمر , فكان المفروض أن نفرق بين الضوء والنور ونسمى الآشعة التي تأتي من مصدر ضوئي مباشر بالضوء وتلك التي تأتي من مصدر ضوئي غير مباشر بالنور ولكنا خلطنا لغويا بين الضوء والنور , واقتصرنا في العلوم على استخدام كلمة الضوء ونسينا مرادفها وهو النور والسبب واضح ففي الإنجليزية والفرنسية بل والألمانية - وهي اللغات التي جاءت عن طريقها العلوم الحديثة - لايوجد إلا مرادف واحد لهذا المعنى وهو بالترتيب ( Light-Lumiere-Licht ) ولم يخطر ببالنا أو ببال المترجمين أن اللغة العربية أغـنى منهم وأدق فـفيها مرادفين لهذه الكلمة يجب أن نفرق بينهما تبعا لنوعية مصدر الضوء سواءً أكان مباشراً أو غير مباشر .
المصدر " آيات قرآنية في مشكاة العلم " د. يحيى المحجري

[دائمة الذكر]

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