دروس في الاجراءات الجزائية

[ali2007]

دروس في الاجراءات الجزائية
من اعداد وتجميع الطالب مجيدي فتحي
طالب بمعهد الحقوق جامعة زيان عاشور الجلفة
سنة ثانية 2009 / 2010

تمهيد:
تطرقنا للسداسي الأول بان القانون الجنائي يحوي نوعان من القواعد، قواعد موضوعية وهي قواعد القانون الجنائي الموضوعي (قانون العقوبات) وقواعد إجرائية وهي قواعد القانون الإجرائي (قانون الإجراءات الجزائية).
تعريف قانون الإجراءات الجزائية:

يمكن أن نعرفه بأنه مجموعة القواعد القانونية التي تبين الهيآت الإجرائية وتحدد الإجراءات الواجب إتباعها بغية تطبيق القانون على من يثبت إثباته لارتكاب الجريمة بعد التحقيق معهم ومحاكمته.
فقانون الإجراء ات الجزائية يحدد لنا الأجهزة القضائية وشبه القضائية واختصاصاتها كما ينظم طرق البحث والتحري وجمع الاستدلالات عن ا لجرائم والتحقيق مع مرتكبيها إنما يبين وحدد إجراءات سير المحاكمات وتوقيع الجزاء الجنائي بصورتي العقوبات وتدابير الأمن (أي الإجراءات لمختلف مراحل التحقيق).
- التحقيق التمهيدي.
- التحقيق الابتدائي.
- التحقيق النظامي.
كما ينظم كيفية الفصل في الدعوى المدنية التبعية المرفوعة أمام القضاء الجنائي.
علاقة قانون الإجراءات الجزائية بقانون العقوبات (ق ا ج ب ق ع ):

نعتمد على ق ا ج لتطبيق قانون العقوبات عند خرق الحكام تطبيقا وتجسيدا للمبدأ السائد للفكر الجنائي والقانوني (لا عقوبة بغير حكم بالإدانة صادر عن جهة قضائية مختصة)، وهو ما نص عليه دستور 1996 في المادة 45 "كل شخص يعتبر برئ حتى تثبت جهة قضائية نظامية إدانتها"
الأمر الذي يظهر لنا جليا العلاقة بين هاذين الفريقين المتكاملين من القانون إلى حد القول أن القواعد الجنائية الإجرائية تنقل القواعد الجنائية الموضوعية من حالة السكون إلى حالة الحركة أي من المجال النظري إلى المجال التطبيقي.
وعلى الرغم من الشكلية التي تصف ق ا ج إلا أنه يتضمن بعض الأحكام الموضوعية كتلك التي تقرر جزاءات على الشاهد الذي يتمتع عند الحضور بالإدلاء بالشهادة أمام قاضي التحقيق أو قاضي الحكم المادة 97 من ق ا ج، وكذا على ضابط الشرطة القضائية الذي ينتهك آجال التوقيف بالنظر المادة 51 فقرة 06 من ق ا ج. 1
قانون الإجراءات الجزائية في الجزائر:

صدر ق ا ج في الجزائر بموجب الأمر 66 - 155 المؤرخ في 08 جوان 1966 والذي عدل وتمم عدة مرات بموجب أوامر ومراسيم تشريعية وقوانين كان آخرها:
تعديل 26 - 06 - 2001 بموجب القانون 01- 08
تعديل 10 - 10- 2004 بموجب القانون 04 - 14
تعديل 20- 12 - 2006 بموجب القانون 06 - 22
ونظم هذا القانون 730 مادة قسمت كالآتي:
المادة من 01 إلى 10 أحكام تمهيدية.
المادة 11 و 730 ضمن سبعة كتب:
- الكتاب 1 بعنوان: في مباشرة الدعوى العمومية وإجراءات تحقيق المواد، المواد من 11 إلى 211
- الكتاب 2 بعنوان: في جهات الحكم، المواد 212 و 441
- الكتاب 3 بعنوان: في القواعد الخاص با?رمين الأحداث المواد 442 و 494
- الكتاب 4 بعنوان:في طرق الطعن غير العادية المواد 495 و 531 مكرر 1
- الكتاب 5 بعنوان:في بعض الإجراءات الخاصة المواد 532 و 596
- الكتاب 6 بعنوان:في بعض الإجراءات التنفيذ المواد 592 و 693
- الكتاب 7 بعنوان:في العلاقات بين السلطات القضائية الأجنبية المواد 694 و 730



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[تـقــ الله ــــوى]

بارك الله فيك اخي الكريم على هذه الجهود المبذولة في سبيل افادة اخواننا جزاك الله خيراً

[سوسو الشاوية]

جـــــــــااري التحميـــل والتصفـح.........تحيــااتي وسلآلآمي

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