ليتل بوي و فات مان قتلا أكثر من مائة ألف شخص

[خزامة]

قامت الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية في عام 1945م بإلقاء أول قنبلة ذرية في التاريخ على مدينتي هيروشيما ونجزاكي باليابان.



1- هيروشيما : التفجير الأول والأكثر شهرة كان في مدينة هيروشيما. فقد أسقطت قنبلة يورانيوم تزن أكثر من 4.5 طن وأخذت اسما هو "ليتيل بوي" على هيروشيما في السادس من أغسطس سنة 1945. وقد أختير جسر أيووي وهو واحد من 81 جسرا تربط السبعة أفرع في دلتا نهر أوتا ليكون نقطة الهدف. وحدد مكان الصفر لأن يكون على ارتفاع 1980 قدما. وفي الساعة الثامنة وخمس عشر دقيقة تم إسقاط القنبلة من إينولا جيي. وقد أخطأت الهدف قليلا وسقطت على بعد 800 قدم منه. في الساعة الثامنة وست عشر دقيقة وفي مجرد ومضة سريعة كان 66000 قد قتلوا و69000 قد جرحوا بواسطة التفجير المتكون من 10 كيلو طن.

كانت الأبخرة الناجمة عن التفجير ذات قطر يقدر بميل ونصف. وسبب التفجير تدميرا بالكامل لمساحة قطرها ميل. كما سبب تدميرا شديدا لمساحة قطرها ميلين. وفي مساحة قطرها ميلين ونصف احترق تماما كل شيء قابل لأن يحترق. ما تبقي من منطقة التفجير كان متوهجا أو محمرا من الحرارة الشديدة. اللهب كان ممتدا لأكثر من ثلاثة أميال قطرا.




2- ناجازاكي : في التاسع من اغسطس سنة 1945، تمت معاملة مدينة ناجازاكي مثل مدينة هيروشيما، مع الفرق هذه المرة بأن قنبلة بلوتونيوم هي التي أسقطت عليها. أطلق على القنبلة إسم "فات مان". وحتى هذه المرة فقد أخطأت هدفها بمقدار ميل ونصف. ومع ذلك فقد كان في وسط المدينة تقريبا. وفي جزء من الثانية فقد انخفض عدد سكانها من 422 ألفا إلى 383 ألفا. إن 39 ألفا قتلوا، و 25ألفا جرحوا. كان هذا التفجير اقل قليلا من 10 كيلو طن. التقديرات من الفيزيائيين الذين درسوا كل من التفجيرين قدروا بأن القنابل التي سقطت قد استخدمت فقط 1من عشرة من واحد في المائة من قدرتها التفجيرية.

[نوركيم]

شكرا لك على الموضوع .


**********

[noar]

و مع هذا اليابان تسير إلى الأمام

[the.edge]

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