نزع أنياب الضحية

[علي قوادري]

علي كاظم داود
نزع أنياب الضحية

مرة جديدة يكتب غونتر غراس قصيدة تلاحق التوجهات العدوانية الإسرائيلية، ويتكرر السؤال: لماذا يتجه الروائي الألماني (نوبل الآداب عام 1999) إلى كتابة قصائد هجاء سياسية، ولماذا يتوجه إلى السياسات الإسرائيلية بالذات؟ ربما لم يستطع تحميل القصة أو الرواية شحنات هجومية لاذعة كمثل ما يحمل النص الشعري القادر على اللمعان والتوهج والوخز، ويبدو أن غونتر غراس يعي الإثم الألماني تجاه محارق اليهود في العهد النازي، لكن وعيه هذا لم يعتمد أشكال التكفير عن الذنب المتعارف عليها في ألمانيا والغرب الأوروبي والأميركي، المتجسدة بسيل المساعدات المادية والمعنوية إلى الكيان الإسرائيلي ومؤيديه وغض الطرف عن إساءات إسرائيل إلى السلام وحقوق الإنسان.

التكفير عن الذنب الألماني تجاه اليهود، كما يراه غونتر غراس، هو الحفاظ على إنسانية الضحايا وأن لا يتحولوا إلى جلادين، ذلك أن تحوّلهم هذا يعتبر ذنباً مركّباً
لألمانيا التي دفعت محارقها عدداً كبيراً من اليهود إلى الانكفاء وعدم الثقة بالعالم بل معاداته، وتركيز هذا العداء على الفلسطينيين والعرب.

يبدو أن غونتر غراس يهجو السياسات الإسرائيلية حرصاً على إنسانية اليهودي الضحية، ودفعاً له إلى مصالحة العالم، وتضامناً مع الذين يساهمون في نجاة الضحية من شرّ نفسها قبل شر الآخرين.

من هنا وردت قصيدة في ديوان غونتر غراس الجديد «ذباب أيار» تمتدح مردخاي فعنونو الذي فضح البرنامج النووي الإسرائيلي للإعلام عام 1986 وتعتبره «بطل أيامنا ومثالاً يحتذى».

سبق لإسرائيل أن منعت غونتر غراس من دخول أرضها جزاء قصيدته «ما يجب أن يقال» التي تتهمها بتهديد السلام العالمي من خلال اعتزامها ضرب المنشآت النووية الإيرانية. وهو تساءل: «لماذا أقول الآن، وللمرة الأولى: بعدما شخت ولم يبق لي سوى قطرات أخيرة من الحبر: إن القوة النووية الإسرائيلية تشكل خطراً على السلام العالمي الهش أساساً؟ لأن الأوان ربما يكون قد فات غداً لقول هذا الكلام».

أزمة ضمير مركّبة يعبر عنها غونتر غراس، أساسها الشعور بالإثم تجاه اليهود والرغبة الدائمة في سلامتهم. هذا المعنى لم يصل إلى السلطة الإسرائيلية والمحيطين بها، والمؤسف أن «الرابطة العبرية للكتاب في إسرائيل» قالت انه «شخص خدم النازيين وجرح الشعب اليهودي»، و «أن العنصرية النازية مترسخة في حمضه النووي». بهذا يبدو وعي الرابطة متدنياً، فما يهمها هو الإعلام السياسي العابر وحجب أصوات النقد أياً كانت ومن أين أتت.
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