روسيا تساعد النظام السوري على دفع الرواتب المستحقة للموظفين والجيش

[نبيل عزاب]

روسيا تساعد النظام السوري على دفع الرواتب المستحقة للموظفين والجيش

طبعت روسيا وضخت خلال الصيف الماضي أكثر من 240 طناً من الأوراق النقدية لصالح النظام السوري، في محاولة لإنقاذ إقتصاده المتهاوي، ومن أجل تمكين دمشق من دفع الرواتب المستحقة لجيشها الذي يحارب منذ ربيع العام 2011.

وقالت صحيفة "التايمز" البريطانية التي نشرت تقريراً مفصلاً حول الموضوع، إن تحليلاً لحركة رحلات الطيران بين دمشق وموسكو يوضح أن روسيا هي الداعم الأكبر للنظام السوري، وإنها تفوقت في ذلك على إيران، خاصة ما يتعلق بمساعدة النظام على دفع الرواتب المستحقة للموظفين والجيش.

وجاءت الإمدادات الروسية بالأوراق النقدية للنظام السوري، بعد أن فرض الإتحاد الأوروبي عقوبات مالية على نظام الرئيس بشار الأسد، وهي العقوبات التي شملت أيضاً إجراء أية تحويلات مالية لصالح النظام، أو طباعة أوراق نقدية لصالحه أو إمداده بالعملة الصعبة.

وقال الاتحاد الأوروبي في 18جانفي 2012 إنه من المحظور "بيع أو تزويد أو تحويل أو تصدير أوراق النقد السورية الجديدة، بشكل مباشر أو غير مباشر".

وبموجب العقوبات الأوروبية، فقد علقت النمسا عقداً مدته ثلاث سنوات مع الحكومة السورية لطباعة أوراق نقدية، وهو ما تولته روسيا لاحقاً.

ومع القيود المشددة التي يواجهها النظام السوري على عمليات الائتمان والتحويلات المصرفية، يتحول الإقتصاد السوري بصورة متسارعة ومتزايدة إلى السيولة.

ويوجد في سوريا مليونا موظف حكومي، حيث من المفترض أن يتمكن النظام عبر الأوراق النقدية الجديدة التي تتم طباعتها في روسيا من سداد رواتبهم.

وتقول "التايمز" إن مسؤولين سوريين زاروا موسكو في أواخر ماي الماضي، ومرة أخرى زاروا العاصمة الروسية في أوت الماضي من أجل إبرام العقود المتعلقة بطباعة العملة المحلية الجديدة، لكن دمشق تقول إن ما تم الإتفاق عليه مع الروس هو فقط طباعة عملة بديلة عن العملة المهترئة وليس كميات إضافية.

وخلافاً لما تقوله دمشق، فإن الإعتقاد السائد لدى الإتحاد الأوروبي والإدارة الأمريكية –بحسب التايمز- هو أن الكميات التي تتم طباعتها في روسيا من الأوراق النقدية السورية الجديدة تمثل ضخاً إضافياً من السيولة في الإقتصاد السوري.

وقال مساعد وزير الخزانة الأمريكية المختص بالتحقيق في الجرائم المالية دانييل جلاسر "بالتأكيد أن الحكومة السورية تريد أن تفعل شيئاً ما من أجل الدفع للجيش ولأي شخص آخر أيضاً".

وتقول جريدة "التايمز" البريطانية إنه خلال الفترة من 9 جويلية وحتى 15 سبتمبر 2012، فإن ثمان رحلات جوية ربطت موسكو أو فانكوفو مع دمشق، تبين أن كل واحدة منها حملت معها 30 طناً صافياً من الأوراق النقدية. وحلقت هذه الطائرات فوق أجواء كل من العراق وإيران وأذربيجان، وتجنبت التحليق في الأجواء التركية.

يشار إلى أن العملة المحلية السورية فقدت نحو 44% من قيمتها أمام العملات الأجنبية الرئيسية منذ بدأت الثورة في مارس 2011، وهو ما تسبب بقفزة كبيرة في نسب التضخم، يقول المراقبون إنها تجاوزت الثلاثين في المئة، مع إرتفاع حاد في الأسعار.

ويمثل ضخ مزيد من السيولة النقدية في الإقتصاد السوري ضاغطاً إضافيا على نسب التضخم في البلاد، حيث يتسبب بشكل مباشر في إرتفاع حاد في الأسعار ومزيد من الإنخفاض في سعر صرف العملة المحلية أمام العملات الأخرى.

[the.edge]

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