فضائل صلاة الوتر

[علي لابونت]

- فضل صلاة الوتر:

إن صلاة الوتر فضلها عظيم، وأعظم ما يدل على ذلك هو:-

أنه صلى الله عليه وسلم لم يكن يدعها في حضر ولا سفر، وهذا دليل واضح على أهميتها.


2- حكم صلاة الوتر:

الوتر سنة مؤكدة.

3- وقت صلاة الوتر:

أجمع العلماء على أن وقت الوتر لا يدخل إلا بعد العشاء، وأنه يمتد إلى الفجر.

فعن أبي بصرة رضي الله عنه: أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم قال :

" إن الله زادكم صلاة فصلوها بين العشاء والفجر" رواه أحمد.


4- أفضل وقت لصلاة الوتر:

الأفضل تأخير فعلها إلى آخر الليل وذلك لمن وثق باستيقاظه لحديث جابر رضي الله عنه قال: قال رسول

الله عليه وسلم: " من خاف أن لا يقوم آخر الليل ، فليوتر أوله، ومن طمع أن يقوم آخره فليوتر آخر

الليل، فإن صلاة آخر الليل مشهودة ، وذلك أفضل " أخرجه مسلم.

5- عدد ركعات الوتر:

ليس للوتر ركعات معينة، وإنما أقله ركعة، لقوله صلى الله عليه وسلم:

" الوتر ركعة من آخر الليل " رواه مسلم.

ولا يكره الوتر بواحدة لقوله صلى الله عليه وسلم:

" ومن أحب أن يوتر بواحدة، فليفعل " أخرجه أبو داود

وأفضل الوتر إحدى عشرة ركعة يصليها مثنى مثنى ويوتر بواحدة

لقول عائشة رضي الله عنها: " كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يصلي بالليل إحدى عشرة ركعة

يوتر منها بواحدة " وفي لفظ " يسلم بين كل ركعتين ويوتر بواحدة" أخرجه مسلم.

ويصح أكثر من ثلاث عشرة ركعة ولكن يختمهن بوتر كما جاء في الحديث: " صلاة الليل مثنى مثنى

فإذا خشيت الصبح أوتر بواحدة" أخرجه البخاري.

وإذا اختار أن يوتر بثلاث فإما أن يصليها متصلة بتشهد واحد ، وإما أن يصلي ركعتين ثم يسلم ثم يصلي

ركعة واحدة .

قال الشيخ ابن عثيمين رحمه الله : " أدنى الكمال في الوتر أن يصلي ركعتين ويسلم ، ثم يأتي بواحدة

ويسلم . ويجوز أن يجعلها بسلام واحد ، لكن بتشهد واحد لا بتشهدين ؛ لأنه لو جعلها بتشهدين لأشبهت

صلاة المغرب ، وقد نهى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم أن تُشبّه بصلاة المغرب "

6- القراءة في الوتر:

لحديث عائشة رضي الله عنها قالت : " كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يقرأ في الركعة الأولى بـ

{ سبح اسم ربك الأعلى } وفي الثانية بـ { قل ياأيها الكافرون } وفي الثالثة بـ { قل هو الله أحد }

والمعوذتين " أخرجه الترمذي.

7- القنوت في الوتر:

القنوت في الوتر مستحب وليس بواجب، والدليل على مشروعيته:أنه صلى الله عليه وسلم كان يقنت

في ركعة الوتر ولم يفعله إلاّ قليلاً. ولما روي عن الحسن بن علي رضي الله عنهما قال: " علمني

رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم كلمات أقولهن في الوتر: اللهم اهدني فيمن هديت، وعافني فيمن

عافيت، وتولني فيمن توليت، وبارك لي فيما أعطيت، وقني شر ما قضيت، إنك تقضي ولا يقضى عليك،

إنه لا يذل من واليت، تباركت ربنا وتعاليت " أخرجه أبو داود.

8- محل القنوت:

القنوت في الوتر يكون في الركعة الأخيرة من الوتر بعد الفراغ من القراءة وقبل الركوع، كما يصح

بعد الرفع من الركوع وكلها قد ثبت عنه صلى الله عليه وسلم.

9- قضاء من فاته الوتر:

ذهب جمهور العلماء إلى مشروعية قضاء الوتر.فقد جاء عن أبي سعيد الخدري رضي الله عنه قال:

قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم:" من نام عن وتره أو نسيه فليصله إذا ذكره " أخرجه أبو داود.

وعن أبي هريرة رضي الله عنه قال: " إذا أصبح أحدكم ولم يوتر فليوتر " أخرجه الحاكم.

والسنة قضاؤها ضحى بعد ارتفاع الشمس وقبل وقوفها, شفعاً لا وتراً، فإذا كانت عادتك الإيتار بثلاث

ركعات في الليل فنمت عنها أو نسيتها شرع لك أن تصليها نهاراً أربع ركعات في تسليمتين، وإذا كانت

عادتك الإيتار بخمس ركعات في الليل فنمت عنها أو نسيتها شرع لك أن تصلي ست ركعات في النهار

في ثلاث تسليمات، وهكذا الحكم فيما هو أكثر من ذلك.

10- حكم ترك صلاة الوتر:

فقد سئل شيخ الإسلام ابن تيمية عن ذلك فقال: الوتر أوكد من سنة الظهر والمغرب والعشاء، والوتر

أفضل الصلاة من جميع تطوعات النهار، كصلاة الضحى، بل أفضل الصلاة بعد المكتوبة صلاة الليل،

وأوكد ذلك الوتر وركعتا الفجر، والله أعلم ".

[the.edge]

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