فيتامين [الأرشيف] - منتديات الشروق أونلاين

mustap

02-12-2012, 06:08 PM

فيتامين

الفواكة والخضروات من المصادر الجيدة للفيتامينات
الحيمين أو الفيتامين (بالإنجليزية: Vitamin)' وجمعها الحيمينات هي مغذيات عضوية مطلوبة بكميات صغيرة من أجل العديد من الوظائف الكيميائية الحيوية وهي عادة لا تصنع داخل الجسم ولذلك فلابد من تناولها في الغذاء. وتصنّف الفيتامينات على أساس قابليتها للذوبان في الماء أو الدهن حيث توجد فيتامينات قابلة للذوبان في الماء (فيتامينات ب المركب B complex وج C) وفيتامينات قابلة للذوبان في الدهون (فيتامينات أ A ود D وهـ E وك K.
[عدل] في الإنسان
وتصنف الفيتامينات القابلة للذوبان إما للذوبان في الماء أو الدهون. في البشر هناك 13 نوعا من الفيتامينات : 4 التي تذوب في الدهون (أ، د، ه وك) و 9 للذوبان في الماء (8 فيتامينات ب وفيتامين ج). الفيتامينات القابلة للذوبان في الماء بسهولة حل في الماء، وبصفة عامة، وتفرز بسهولة من الجسم، لدرجة ان إنتاج البولي هو مؤشر قوي للاستهلاك فيتامين لأنها لا يتم تخزينها بسهولة، المتحصل اليومي الثابت هو المهم. ويتم تخليق أنواع كثيرة من الفيتامينات للذوبان في الماء عن طريق البكتيريا. الفيتامينات] التي تذوب في الدهون يتم امتصاصها من خلال الأمعاء وذلك بمساعدة من الدهون (الدهون). لأنهم أكثر عرضة لتتراكم في الجسم، فمن المرجح أن يؤدي إلى فرط الفيتامين من الفيتامينات هي للذوبان في الماء. التي تذوب في الدهون فيتامين التنظيم له أهمية خاصة في التليف الكيسي.
[عدل] لمحة تاريخية
اكتشاف الفيتامينات ومصادرها
سنة الاكتشاف الفيتامين المصدر

1909 فيتامين ألف
زيت كبد الحوت

1912 فيتامين ب1
نخالة الرز

1912 فيتامين ج
الحمضيات

1918 فيتامين د
زيت كبد الحوت

1920 فيتامين ب 2
البيض

1922 فيتامين هـ
زيت جنين القمح والكبد

1926 فيتامين ب 12
الكبد

1929 فيتامين ك
الخضروات الورقية

1931 حمض البناتوثينيك
الكبد

1931 بيوتين
الكبد

1934 فيتامين ب 6
نخالة الرز

1936 النياسين
الكبد

1941 حمص الفوليك
الكبد والسبانخ

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27-08-2025, 05:18 AM

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