اللام الشمسية واللام القمرية

[أم عبدالحق]

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ابني عبدالملك كان عنده فرض عن اللام الشمسية واللام القمرية فأردت أن أنشط ذاكرتي:10: حتى يكون شرحي صحيحاً:15: فإليكم الموضوع بإضافة بعض الصور:11:

اللام الشمسية واللام القمرية :
تدخل ( أل ) على الأسماء للتعريف وتنقسم قسمين : شمسية وقمرية .

http://center.jeddahbikers.com/uploads/images/jb13625433351.png (http://goo.gl/X7MMB)
أ ـ اللام الشمسية :لام تدخل على الأسماء فتظهر خطّـاً وتختفي نطقاً ، ولايظهر عليها شيء من الحركات وينطق الحرف الذي يليها مشدداً . والحروف التي تلي هذه اللام أربعة عشر حرفاً هي : ( التاء ، الثاء ، الدال ، الذال ، الراء ، الزاي ، السين ، الشين ، الصاد ، الضاد ، الطاء ، الظاء ، اللام ، النون ).
http://center.jeddahbikers.com/uploads/images/jb13625433352.png (http://goo.gl/X7MMB)
ب ـ اللام القمرية :هي لام تدخل على الأسماء ، فتظهر خطّـاً ونطقـاً ، ويظهر عليها السكون ، ويحرك الحرف الذي يليها دون تشديد . ويليها من الحروف أربعةَ عشرَ حرفاً هي : ( الهمزة ، والباء ، والجيم ، والحاء ، والخاء ، والعين ، والغين ،والفاء ،والقاف ، والكاف ، والميم ، والهاء ، والواو ، والياء ) .
• إذا دخلت اللام الشمسية عل اسم أوله لام كتبت اللامان معاً وظهرت الشدة على اللام الثانية مثل : ليل ، الليل .
دخول اللام على (ال) الشمسة والقمرية .
• تحذف همزة الوصل من ( أل ) الشمسية أو القمرية إذا دخلت عليها اللام المفتوحة مثل : الرِّيح ، لَلرِّيح ، الكتاب ، لَلْكتاب ، أو المكسورة ، مثل : الشمس : لِلشَّمس ، الْقَمر : لِلْقمر .
الاسماء الموصولة:تكتب بلام واحدة مشددة لكل من : جمع المذكر والمفرد بنوعيه هكذا :
• الَّذين ، الَّذي ، الَّتي ، وتكتب بلامين للمثنى بنوعيه ، وللجمع المؤنث هكذا : اللَّذان ، اللَّتان ، اللاَّتي ، اللاَّئي ، وتحذف إحدى اللاِّ‎َمين مع الهمزة ، عند دخول اللاَّم عليها : اللَّذانِ : لِلَّذينِ . اللاَّتي ، لِلاَّتي .

http://center.jeddahbikers.com/uploads/images/jb13625433353.jpg (http://goo.gl/X7MMB)

http://center.jeddahbikers.com/uploads/images/jb13625433354.png (http://goo.gl/X7MMB)

http://center.jeddahbikers.com/uploads/images/jb13625433355.jpg (http://goo.gl/X7MMB)

[أم عبدالحق]

قصة ( ال ) التعريف
الأخوين التوأم
لكي نعرف الفرق بينهما
لابد من أن نستمع إلى القصة التالية :
كان يا مكان في قديم الزمان ......:12:

...
كان هناك عائلة تدعى بال التعريف

رزقت هذه العائلة بتوأم ذكور وكما نعلم يا أحباب أن التوائم
عادةً ما يكونا متشابهين ، وأطلقوا عليهم اسمين جملين
فسموا الأول ( شمس )
وسموا الثاني ( قمـر )
وجلب لهم الأب ألعاباً ليلهوا بها وكان عددها 28 لعبة (عبارة عن الحروف الهجائية )
ولكن هل تعلمون ماذا حدث بعد ذلك ..!!
لقد نشب نزاع بين الأخوين التوأمين فكلٌ منهما يريد أن يأخذ حروف الآخر .! :19:
عندها تدخل الأب لفض هذا النزاع :5:فقسم الحروف الهجائية إلى قسمين :
14 حرفا ً لشمس
وهي ت ث ل د ذ ش س ز ر ن ط ظ ض ص
14 حرفا ً لقمـــر
أ ب غ ح ج ك و خ ف ع ق ي م هـ




وهكذا تم حل هذا النزاع:16:
وكان قمر حاداً بطبعه :18:فكان يجبر حروفه على اظهار
صوت اللام .
- الباب
الكتاب
القلم
الحليب




أما شمس فقد كان طيبا مسالماً:12: فكانت حروفه تدغم صوت اللام وتجبرها على ذلك بالشدة ( ّ ) فلا يظهر صوت اللام .
التـّوت
السّيارة
النـّاس
الطـّبل
هذه القصة للاستاذ محمد بن فهد المهيزعي ونقلتها هنا للفائدة:15:
:13::13::13::13::13::13:

[أم عبدالحق]

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