درس الصفة والموصوف في اللغة العربية سنة أولى متوسط

[سليم يلل]

الصفة والموصوف


عرض الأمثلة: من نص القراءة ص 257 , تستخرج الأمثلة عن طريق المناقشة.


أ)

1- الأمراض المرتبطة بسوء التغذية لم تعد حكرا على العالم الغربي.


2- أعِدت الدراسة في مجال الحمية الغذائية منذ عقد.


ب)

3- أعدت منظمتان تابعتان للأمم المتحدة تقريرا دعا إلى التقليل من استهلاك السكر.


4- العلماء المختصون حذروا من سوء التغذية.


ج)

5- يوصي الأطباء بغذاء يعتمد على نسب منخفضة من الدهون والسكريات والأملاح .


6- هذه رياضة ممارستها مفيدة للإنسان.


7- يجدر بنا أن نمارس نشاطا من النشاطات الرياضية.


8- لا ينبغي أن نتناول سكريات فوق المقدار المحدد لنا.


القاعدة:


تعريف الصفة:


1- الصفة (وتسمى النعت) من المتممات هي اسم مشتق يدل على صفة في اسم قبله يسمى الموصوف وهي تفيد توضيحه إن كان معرفة وتخصيصه إن كان نكرة.

مثال عن التخصيص: قابلت معلما جديدا في مدرستنا.

مثال عن التعريف: قابلت معلم اللغة العربية.


علاقة الصفة بالموصوف:

1- الصفة تطابق الموصوف مطابقة تامة في عشر حالات :

-الإعراب (الرفع والنصب والجر). مثال: هذا رجلٌ كريمٌ. رأيت رجلا كريما. مررت برجلٍ كريمٍ.

-التنكير والتعريف. مثال:هذا رجلٌ كريمٌ.الرجل الكريم يسارع إلى فعل الخير..

- العدد (الإفراد والتثنية والجمع). مثال: هذا رجل كريم. رأيت رجلين كريمين. مررت برجال كرماء.

- الجنس (التذكير والتأنيث). مثال: هذه امرأة كريمة. رأيت امرأتين كريمتين. مررت بنساء كريمات.

2- في الجملة الواحدة الصفة تتبع الموصوف في أربع حالات من عشرة. (العدد , النوع ، الإعراب ، التنكير والتعريف)


أنواع الصفة


تكون الصفة :

- مفردة (كلمة واحدة). مثال: زارنا رجلٌ كريمٌ.

- جملة (فعلية أو اسمية) . مثال: زارنا رجل قدِم من وهران. زارنا رجل أخلاقه حسنة.

- شبه جملة (ظرف أو جار ومجرور).مثال: وُضع تمر فوق المائدة. بيع تمر على النخل.


تنببهات


1) لما تكون الصفة جملة أو شبه جملة يجب أن يكون الموصوف نكرة.

2) الصفة التي تكون جملة يجب أن تشتمل على ضمير متصل أو مستتر يربطها بجملة الموصوف.

[فتحي 2009]

السلام عليكم

شكرا على الشرح المفيد

نتطلع لجديدكم

[سليم يلل]

السلام عليكم

شكرا على الشرح المفيد

نتطلع لجديدكم



بارك الله فيك أخي فتحي

ربي يحفظك

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