أسرار فشل محاولات الوحدة بين بومدين والقذافي

[نبيل عزاب]

أسرار فشل محاولات الوحدة بين بومدين والقذافي
كشفت وثائق دبلوماسية سرية أمريكية عن محادثات ”سرية” بين الرئيسين الراحلين هوراي بومدين ومعمر القذافي، للاندماج عام 73 بين البلدين، إلا أن المفاوضات وصلت إلى طريق مسدود بسبب ”الأولى بقيادة الحكومة الموحدة” فيما تشير وثائق أخرى إلى غضب الرئيس الجزائري بعد طلب نظيره الليبي الانخراط في هجوم ضد دولة الجوار.
كشفت وثيقة مؤرخة في 14 ماي 1973، عن لقاء جمع الراحلين الرئيس هواري بومدين والحبيب بورقيبة في تونس، بحثا التطورات في ليبيا بشيء من التفصيل المذكور في التقارير الأمريكية التي تفيد بأن بومدين ”شعر حقا أن القذافي الآن غير متوازن” وفقما نقلته الوثيقة الأمريكية، وعلى سبيل المثال القذافي، خلال اجتماع عقد مؤخرا مع بومدين في طرابلس اقترح أن تنخرط ليبيا والجزائر في هجوم مسلح مفتوح ضد المغرب، كما أضافت البرقية رفض بومدين المقترح ونقلت أن التونسيين لديهم مخاوف مماثلة.
وفي برقية أخرى مؤرخة في 14 أكتوبر 76، تنقل تصريحا لسفير ليبي سابق الفزاني (1972-1974) كشف عن محادثات غير رسمية بين الليبيين والجزائريين في عام 1973، للاندماج لكنها تعثرت بسبب مسألة ما إذا كان القذافي أو بومدين سيقود حكومة موحدة، فيما حاول الزعيم الليبي إقناع الرئيس الجزائري أحمد بن بلة ليعود إلى ليبيا من المنفى، ولكن تم رفض ذلك.
وعلّق الفزاني أنه في حين أن الجزائر وليبيا، ترتبط الآن من جانب ببعض المصالح المشتركة والعداوات المشتركة، فإن عدم الثقة والكراهية سيمنع التعاون التكتيكي بين البلدين.
أما في وثيقة دبلوماسية لاحقة صادرة بتاريخ 9 نوفمبر 76، تونس تأمل الآن أنه يمكن إعادة توجيه علاقاتها مع الجزائر على أساس ثنائي بحت بعد قصة الاندماج بين الجزائر، تونس وليبيا، إذ توترت العلاقات بين بورقيبة وبومدين بعد تأخر الرئيس التونسي في استشارة نظيره الجزائري في قضية الوحدة التي دعا إليها القذافي، متوقعة أن يكون هناك قدر كبير من التقدم إلى ما بعد الانتخابات الجزائرية مطلع العام المقبل 77.
برقية أخرى منفصلة بتاريخ 12 أفريل 73، أكدت ما نقله سفير الولايات المتحدة آنذاك تأكيدا للزعيم الليبي المقتول تدريب ”المخربين” للقيام بعمليات ضد الجزائر، تونس، السنيغال، إيران، السودان والأردن، حيث رصد ميزانية 40 مليون دولار لهذا العمل دون أن تفصل التقارير ذاتها أسباب محاولة القذافي شن الهجوم على هذه الدول.

[فتحي 2009]

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