سؤال: ما هي علامات يوم القيامة الصغرى والكبرى؟ الجواب: الحمد لله علامات يوم القيامة وأشراطها هي ال

[ادبية]

:ما هي علامات يوم القيامة الصغرى والكبرى؟
الجواب:
الحمد لله
علامات يوم القيامة وأشراطها هي التي تسبق وقوع القيامة وتدل على قرب حصولها، وقد اصطُلح على تقسيمها إلى صغرى وكبرى. والصغرى - في الغالب - تتقدم حصول القيامة بمدة طويلة، ومنها ما وقع وانقضى - وقد يتكرر وقوعه - ومنها ما ظهر ولا يزال يظهر ويتتابع، ومنها ما لم يقع إلى الآن، ولكنه سيقع كما أخبر الصادق المصدوق - صلى الله عليه وسلم -.
وأما الكبرى: فهي أمور عظيمة يدل ظهورها على قرب القيامة وبقاء زمن قصير لوقوع ذلك اليوم العظيم.
وعلامات الساعة الصغرى كثيرة، وقد جاءت في أحاديث صحيحة كثيرة، وسنذكرها في سياق واحد دون ذِكر أحاديثها؛ لأن المقام لا يتسع، ونحيل من أراد التوسع في هذا الموضوع مع معرفة أدلة هذه العلامات لكتب موثوقة متخصصة، ومنها "القيامة الصغرى" للشيخ عمر سليمان الأشقر، وكتاب "أشراط الساعة" للشيخ يوسف الوابل.
فمن أشراط الساعة الصغرى:
1- بعثة النبي - صلى الله عليه وسلم -.
2- موته - صلى الله عليه وسلم -.
3- فتح بيت المقدس.
4- طاعون "عمواس" وهي بلدة في فلسطين.
5- استفاضة المال والاستغناء عن الصدقة.
6- ظهور الفتن، ومن الفتن التي حدثت في أوائل عهد الإسلام: مقتل عثمان - رضي الله عنه -، وموقعة الجمل وصفين، وظهور الخوارج، وموقعة الحرة، وفتنة القول بخلق القرآن.
7- ظهور مدَّعي النبوة، ومنهم "مسيلمة الكذاب" و "الأسود العنسي".
8- ظهور نار الحجاز، وقد ظهرت هذه النار في منتصف القرن السابع الهجري في عام 654 هـ، وكانت ناراً عظيمة، وقد توسع العلماء الذين عاصروا ظهورها ومن بعدهم في وصفها، قال النووي: "خرجت في زماننا نار في المدينة سنة أربع وخمسين وستمائة، وكانت ناراً عظيمة جداً من جنب المدينة الشرقي وراء الحرة، وتواتر العلم بها عند جميع الشام وسائر البلدان، وأخبرني من حضرها من أهل المدينة".
9- ضياع الأمانة، ومن مظاهر تضييع الأمانة إسناد أمور الناس إلى غير أهلها القادرين على تسييرها.
10- قبض العلم وظهور الجهل، ويكون قبض العلم بقبض العلماء، كما جاء في الصحيحين.
11- انتشار الزنا.
12- انتشار الربا.
13- ظهور المعازف.
14- كثرة شرب الخمر.
15- تطاول رعاء الشاة في البنيان.
16- ولادة الأمة لربتها، كما ثبت ذلك في الصحيحين، وفي معنى هذا الحديث أقوال لأهل العلم، واختار ابن حجر: أنه يكثر العقوق في الأولاد فيعامِل الولدُ أمَّه معاملة السيد أمَته من الإهانة والسب.
17- كثرة القتل.
18- كثرة الزلازل.
19- ظهور الخسف والمسخ والقذف.
20- ظهور الكاسيات العاريات.
21- صدق رؤيا المؤمن.
22- كثرة شهادة الزور وكتمان شهادة الحق.
23- كثرة النساء.
24- رجوع أرض العرب مروجاً وأنهاراً.
25- انكشاف الفرات عن جبل من ذهب.
26- كلام السباع والجمادات الإنس.
27- كثرة الروم وقتالهم للمسلمين.
28- فتح القسطنطينية.
وأما أشراط القيامة الكبرى: فهي التي ذكرها النبي - صلى الله عليه وسلم - في حديث حذيفة بن أسيد وهي عشر علامات: الدجال، ونزول عيسى بن مريم، ويأجوج ومأجوج، وثلاث خسوفات: خسف بالمشرق، وخسف بالمغرب، وخسف بجزيرة العرب، والدخان، وطلوع الشمس من مغربها، والدابة، والنار التي تسوق الناس إلى محشرهم، وهذه العلامات يكون خروجها متتابعا، فإذا ظهرت أولى هذه العلامات فإن الأخرى على إثرها.
روى مسلم عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ بْنِ أَسِيدٍ الْغِفَارِيِّ - رضي الله عنه - قَالَ : اطَّلَعَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَلَيْنَا وَنَحْنُ نَتَذَاكَرُ فَقَالَ : مَا تَذَاكَرُونَ؟ قَالُوا: نَذْكُرُ السَّاعَةَ، قَالَ: إِنَّهَا لَنْ تَقُومَ حَتَّى تَرَوْنَ قَبْلَهَا عَشْرَ آيَاتٍ فَذَكَرَ الدُّخَانَ وَالدَّجَّالَ وَالدَّابَّةَ وَطُلُوعَ الشَّمْسِ مِنْ مَغْرِبِهَا وَنُزُولَ عِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَيَأَجُوجَ وَمَأْجُوجَ وَثَلاثَةَ خُسُوفٍ خَسْفٌ بِالْمَشْرِقِ وَخَسْفٌ بِالْمَغْرِبِ وَخَسْفٌ بِجَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِ، وَآخِرُ ذَلِكَ نَارٌ تَخْرُجُ مِنْ الْيَمَنِ تَطْرُدُ النَّاسَ إِلَى مَحْشَرِهِمْ.
وليس هناك نص صحيح صريح في ترتيب هذه العلامات، وإنما يستفاد ترتيب بعضها من جملة نصوص.
وقد سئل الشيخ محمد الصالح العثيمين - رحمه الله -: هل أشراط الساعة الكبرى تأتي بالترتيب؟
فأجاب:
"أشراط الساعة الكبرى بعضها مرتب ومعلوم، وبعضها غير مرتب ولا يعلم ترتيبه، فمما جاء مرتباً نزول عيسى بن مريم وخروج يأجوج ومأجوج، والدجال فإن الدجال يبعث ثم ينزل عيسى بن مريم فيقتله ثم يخرج مأجوج ومأجوج.
وقد رتب السفاريني - رحمه الله - في عقيدته هذه الأشراط، لكن بعض هذا الترتيب تطمئن إليه النفس، وبعضها ليس كذلك، والترتيب لا يهمنا، وإنما يهمنا أن للساعة علامات عظيمة إذا وقعت فإن الساعة تكون قد قربت، وقد جعل الله للساعة أشراطاً؛ لأنها حدث هام يحتاج الناس إلى تنبيههم لقرب حدوثه " انتهى" "مجموع الفتاوى" ( 2 / السؤال رقم 137 ).
والله أعلم.


منقول

[ادبية]

أرجوا من كل عضو دخل لهذا الموضوع أن يقرأه

لأنه معلومات ان لم تعلمها جهلت

وسأخذ العلامات الكبرى بالتقصيل في موضوع جديد أن شاء الله

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