الحيوان المنقرض الذئب الرهيب

[صقر الأوراس]

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته
الذئب الرهيب Dire Wolf او كما يعرف علميا باسم Canis dirus و تشير تلك الاسماء الى اكبر الكلبيات التى سارت على سطح الارض ابان العصر البليستوسينى و يعتبر اكبر الذئاب كافة لم ياتى فى تاريخ الارض ذئب يعادله قوة و شراسة و ضخامة وقد تواجد ذلك الكائن فى قارة امريكا الشمالية و قد عاش فترة العصر الجليدى و عاصر كل من الماموث و المستدون و الكسلان الارضى العملاق و السنوريات سيفية الاسنان و الدب قصير الوجه و البيزون العملاق اى فى عصر العمالقة

التصنيف العلمى
النطاق: حقيقيات النوى
المملكة: الحيوانات
الشعبة: الحبليات
الطائفة: الثدييات
الرتبة: اللواحم
الاسرة: الكلبيات
الجنس: Canis
النوع: C.dirus

http://images.alwatanvoice.com/news/large/9998364951.jpg

تم العثور على اول حفرية تعود الى الذئب الرهيب فى عام 1854 م على يد * Francis Linck * فى قارة امريكا الشمالية و بالتحديد فى الولايات المتحدة الامريكية فى * Evansville * الواقعة فى ولاية انديانا الامريكية و يعتبر اكبر حفرية لذئب وجدت حينها و من بعد ذلك تم العثور على3500 ذئب رهيب فى حفر القطران التى كانت تشكل فخ لتلك الحيوانات حيث ان الذئب الرهيب عندما كان يطارد فريسة ما كان يسقط فى تلك الحفر المملؤة بالقطران و هى عبارة عن اسفلت مصهور يمتاز باللزوجة التى تمسك بالحيوان و لا يستطيع برغم قوته ان يفلت منها و استطاعت تلك الحفر حفظ تلك الحفريات على مر العصور التى مرت بها الارض حتى تم اكتشافها على يد الباحثين

قطن الذئب الرهيب الامريكتين و بالتحديد فى الاسكا و فلوريدا و بعض اجزاء من امريكا اللاتينية
و كان يتجول فى مساحات شاسعة بحثا عن الطرائد المناسبة و الاماكن الخالية من اعدائه كالدب قصير الوجه و السنوريات سيفية الاسنان

حقائق عن الذئب الرهيب
الذئب الرهيب اضخم الكلبيات على الاطلاق حيث يبلغ طوله من الانف الى الذيل 2.5 متر و يبلغ ارتفاعه 60 سنتمتر و يبلغ وزنه 70 كيلوجرام و يمتاز بضخامة الفك و قوة الانياب و القواطع و ثقل الوزن عن نظيره الذئب الرمادى الذى عاصره فى تلك الحقبة من الزمان فكان الذئب الرمادى اضعف و اخف بكثير عن الذئب الرهيب حيث ان الذئب الرهيب اثقل 30 كيلوجرام عن الذئب الرمادى كما ان الذئب الرهيب اكبر فى الجمجمة و الوزن و حجم الفك عن نظيره الرمادى و يمتاز بعضد سميك و طويل و ايضا الزند يمتاز بنفس الشئ عن الذئب الرمادى و يرجح العلماء ان الذئب الرهيب اسرع بكثير من الرمادى كما ان الرهيب كان يصطاد الاحصنة و الجاموس الامريكى البيزون بشكل اساسى و لكنه قليلا ما كان يتغذى على المستدون و الكسلان الارضى العملاق لصعوبة اسقاطهم و القضاء عليهم و لذلك يرجح العلماء ان الذئب الرهيب كان يعيش فى جماعات تصل الى 30 ذئب و كانوا يتعاونون فيما بينهم فى الصيد و كانوا يساعدون الذئب المصاب فى عملية الصيد فى تناول الطعام برفقتهم حتى يتعافى و يصبح فيما بعد قادر على الصيد من جديد بعكس الذئب الرمادى الذى كان يصطاد و يقتات على الثدييات الصغيرة حينها

استراتيجية الصيد

امتاز الذئب الرهيب بالوزن الكبير عن اقربائه و ضخامة الفك و هنا ناتى لسر نجاح ذلك الذئب فى الصيد فباعتماده على ثقل وزنه و ضخامة فكه يقوم بالقاء نفسه اتجاه الطريدة فاتحا فكه الذى يطبقه على الطريدة و يسقط بها ارضا و هذا ما نلاحظه فى الكلاب المعاصرة عند الهجوم على شخص ما و نرى ان تلك الاستراتيجية تعمل على الايقاع بالفريسة ارضا و من ثم تقوم باقى الذئاب بالالتفاف حول الفريسة و يقوموا بالتهامها قبل ان ياتى احد الاعداء الذى يبحث عن فريسة سهلة بدون اى معاناة صيد و على راس تلك الاعداء الدب قصير الوجه الذى عادة ما كانت الذئاب تخاف بطشه و قوته الهائلة و النمر سيفى الاسنان الذى يبلغ من القوة و السرعة ما لا يستطيع ذلك الذئب الرهيب احتماله بمفرده فعندها يلوذ ذلك الذئب الوحيد بالفرار و عندما يكون ذلك الذئب فى جماعة فانه لا يتردد فى القتال و ابعاد المعتدين و الدفاع عن صيده من بطش الضوارى الاخرى
عاش الذئب الرهيب على سطح الارض صياد عنيد و خصم لا يلين يسقط بالتعاون العمالقة و ضوارى لم يرى التاريخ مثلها من قبل و لكن مع تغير الظروف المناخية و الاوبئة و الامراض و ظهور الانسان البدائى و غزوه للامريكتين عن طريق ممر بهرنج فاتى بالامراض و الاوبئة و الخراب على تلك الحيوانات التى يعتقد انها اصطدمت بالانسان البدائى و جرى صراع بينهم و حفر القار و القطران التى شكلت فخ لا فكاك منه لتلك الحيوانات التى دفنت فيه على مر الزمان

و ظل الذئب الرهيب يصول و يجول فى حياة ناجحة طيلة 100 الف عام و لكنه فجاءة بدون سابق انذار اتت له رسالة لا يستطيع ان يردها صاحبها تنبئه بان فترة اقامته على سطح الارض قد انتهت و قد حان وقت الرحيل و لكن ذكراه مازالت باقية

[the.edge]

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