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The search for a theory that explains everything, or the so-called theory of everything, or TOE, has been the focus of natural scientists' work in recent decades. As a result, the SUPER STRING THEORY emerged, a theory that aims to describe everything that makes up the world, including forces and matter, in an effort to resolve the greatest contradiction in modern physics between the sensible and superfine particle worlds.

The super strings are energy strings similar to musical instrument strings. They vibrate in different directions, giving everything shape. With its vibration, an elegant symphony emerges that depicts the Universe with everything in it, no matter how small or large.

According to this theory, ultra-fine material particles such as quarks and leptons, which scientists have long considered the smallest parts of matter, have become the vibrations of strings that are almost incredibly small. For example, if the volume of a quark is equal to the size of the globe, then the size of the vibrating string will be the size of a tree branch on this sphere.

This theory fantasizes about tuning the rhythm of vibrating strings in order to control all aspects of nature, from atoms to galaxies, as it is the theory of everything.

After the theory of super strings gained some acceptance in scientific forums, and with continued research and scrutiny of its mathematics, five different theories all agreed on the existence of vibrating strings while differing in the mathematical description of these strings, and thus scientists found themselves in a new contradiction, as it is not possible to describe one world, which is the world we live in, in five different ways, and thus the fame of super strings.

Edward Witten (1) stunned the audience at the annual general conference held to discuss the theory in Southern California in 1995 when he revealed that there is only one theory that varies depending on the angle from which we view these strings, just as a mirror can reflect more than one image of a single body depending on the angle from which this body looks at the mirror. As a result, string theory is also referred to as theory M.M can have multiple meanings depending on the perspective. M could be the Mother theory, the Mystery theory, or the Matrix theory, for example.

Thus, the five theories were combined into one; the only disagreement was that the theories with their five flavors required string movement in ten dimensions of space rather than the three dimensions we are accustomed to in our natural space (length, width and height).

To unify different flavors, Edward added a new dimension to the ten, so the theory required eleven dimensions, as follows: One (1) time dimension and three (3) space dimensions, i.e. length, width, and height, as well as six (6) additional dimensions, two for each of the three coordinate axes (length, width, and height), and an additional dimension that includes all of them, allowing strings to move in more than one direction on the space axes.

To illustrate, consider a cinema screen, which is a flat shape with only two dimensions: length and width, but the movement of the characters on the screen appears in other dimensions: forward and backward, up and down, right and left, as the static images on the film follow each other over time to create the illusion of movement. The ability of an object to move through multiple dimensions is referred to as its degree of freedom; the greater the degree of freedom of the moving body, the more it can move in more directions.

Witten's additions to String Theory gave strings the properties of elastic membranes that can move in all directions and occupy infinite spaces. Thus, the String Theory predicted the possibility of the existence of many worlds other than ours, as well as many parallel worlds spread across a higher space dimension with laws that differ from ours. Perhaps one day we will discover that these worlds are adjacent to our own.

The String Theory can explain the mystery of gravity being one of the weakest forces in the Universe: it is billions of times weaker than the electromagnetic force, for example, which has puzzled scientists for decades, but according to the String Theory, whose strings are filled with flexible membranes and additional dimensions, we can understand the topic in a different way: Perhaps gravity is constantly leaking from our Universe to other universes, whereas gravitational strings (the graviton) are free to escape to other universes adjacent to ours in the M-theory.

On the other hand, the escape of gravitational components into parallel universes may enable future communication with these worlds via the same gravitational waves. The Super String Theory differs from the Big Bang Theory in that it sees the Universe as being concentrated in a small material point with a very large density equal to the mass of the Universe as a whole. The String Theory, on the other hand, believes that the Universe began with the collision of two parallel worlds, and that this collision will continue indefinitely.

Anyone who studies the Super-string Theory feels as if they have exited the natural world with its laws and entered the realms of science fiction or philosophy. To remain in the field of science and reality, the theory must pass laboratory tests that require the ability to repeat the experiment over and over and get the same results each time, otherwise it will be nothing more than guessing and playing with mathematical equations.

Despite the depth of its mathematical equations, the Super String Theory may reach a dead end, but the search for answers to the mysteries of our elegant Universe will not stop, and whenever one of the facts is revealed, other facts will appear behind it again, posing the challenge to humanity to adapt nature for its goodness.

(1). Edward Witten is an American theoretical physicist and professor at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. Born on August 26, 1951, in Baltimore, Maryland, Witten is renowned for his groundbreaking work in superstring theory and quantum gravity