The Enigma of Antimatter
27-11-2024, 11:16 AM
Is the Universe truly governed by the principle of dualism? This principle encompasses various aspects such as the dichotomy between male and female, the existence of negative and positive electrical charges, and the alternating cycles of day and night ... Upon consulting reputable dictionaries, we find that dualism encompasses numerous meanings, ranging from the juxtaposition of good and evil, darkness and brightness, shadow and glare, belief and disbelief, and all other concepts intertwined with their counter-current parts. Consequently, we come to realize that the notion of duality extends beyond the realm of gender, encompassing the exquisite symmetries observed throughout the vast expanse of the Universe. Even within living organisms, this duality manifests itself in the very building blocks that encode the blueprint of life within the cell nucleus. Visualized as a captivating double-sided spiral, this intricate structure symbolizes the fundamental essence of creation itself, as depicted in the following illustration
The DNA molecule is made up of two strands that wind around one another to form a double helix shape. Each strand has an alternating backbone of sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups. Each sugar has one of four bases attached to it: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine. This is an affirmation of dualism in the evolution of living organisms, from the simplest building block, DNA, to the most complex human beings.
However, our primary concern here is the dualism symmetry that exists again in inanimate matter and its ultra-fine block components such as the electron, proton, and neutron.
The concept of antimatter first appeared in the work of the theoretical physicist Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac (1902-1984), who aspired to build a theory describing the electron in the 1930s but ran into a problem when his calculations described a particle similar to the electron in mass but opposite in electrical charge, which had never been seen before.
In fact, this branching particle/antiparticle is a comprehensive cosmic reality that extends beyond the state of the electron to all atomic fine particles, but Dirac was unaware of this at the time of his discovery.
It is impossible to imagine a body without its counterpart, and just as there is an anti-electron called positron, there must be an antiproton, but its detection required much more energy than that required to detect the positron, so it had to wait until the fifties when the first atomic particle accelerators appeared.
An antiparticle is distinguished by its reversed electrical charge, but what about an uncharged particle, such as a neutron?
We have recently learned that the electrical charge is one of several types of charges; the electrical charge is only familiar because of the abundance of its apparent phenomena in physical scale reactions; atomic particles carry several other types, such as a charge called baryonic charge, which is characterized by heavy particles or baryons, such as the proton and neutron. The electric charge of the neutron is actually zero, but it carries another charge, the baryonic charge, so there must be an anti-neutron. Experiments have shown that the antineutron is the antiparticle of the neutron, with no net electric charge but the opposite baryon number (+1 for the neutron, 1 for the antineutron).
When matter and antimatter interact, a neutral product is produced; this could be light, as when an electron collides with a positron, or neutral radiation, such as P-mesons, as when a proton collides with its antiproton.
In our pursuit of knowledge, we have come to understand the nature of photons, the fundamental particles that compose light. These particles possess no mass and exist solely as carriers of kinetic energy. When an electron and positron collide, their transformation into kinetic energy is a testament to the intrinsic nature of matter. This convergence gives rise to light, which is captured within matter prior to this transformation. Fascinatingly, the distinction between atomic particles and their counterparts blurs, leading us to conclude that the anti-photon is indistinguishable from its counterpart, the photon. In essence, the photon embodies a symmetrical identity, representing the center of the Universe's symmetry. It becomes evident that light assumes the role of an absolute cosmic reference for both matter and antimatter. This realization underscores the profound depth and complexity of the concepts that underpin our understanding of matter.
When an atomic particle collides with its antiparticle, a profoundly energetic event unfolds. The resulting collision leads to the complete annihilation of matter and antimatter, resulting in the release of a tremendous amount of energy. This stands in contrast to atomic or nuclear reactions, where only a fraction of matter is transformed into energy, leaving behind various forms of matter and radiation. While such violent reactions are observed on a small scale within particle accelerators like the CERN reactor in Switzerland, they also occur on a grand scale during explosive events on the sun. Notably, Professor Berkeley and his team from the University of California observed the emergence of approximately half a kilogram of antimatter during each explosion in 2002 using NASA's Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager-RHESSI space telescope.[1]
The concept of universal duality, a principle that permeates all of existence, finds its divine articulation in the sacred text of the Quran, specifically within the contours of verse 36:36. This verse serves as a celestial beacon, illuminating this profound truth for all of humanity.
“Exalted is He who created all pairs from what the earth grows and from themselves and from that which they do not know” – (36-36)
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[1]. Sarah Graham, Solar Flare Serves Up Antimatter Surprises, Scientific American, September 5 2003.
However, our primary concern here is the dualism symmetry that exists again in inanimate matter and its ultra-fine block components such as the electron, proton, and neutron.
The concept of antimatter first appeared in the work of the theoretical physicist Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac (1902-1984), who aspired to build a theory describing the electron in the 1930s but ran into a problem when his calculations described a particle similar to the electron in mass but opposite in electrical charge, which had never been seen before.
In fact, this branching particle/antiparticle is a comprehensive cosmic reality that extends beyond the state of the electron to all atomic fine particles, but Dirac was unaware of this at the time of his discovery.
It is impossible to imagine a body without its counterpart, and just as there is an anti-electron called positron, there must be an antiproton, but its detection required much more energy than that required to detect the positron, so it had to wait until the fifties when the first atomic particle accelerators appeared.
An antiparticle is distinguished by its reversed electrical charge, but what about an uncharged particle, such as a neutron?
We have recently learned that the electrical charge is one of several types of charges; the electrical charge is only familiar because of the abundance of its apparent phenomena in physical scale reactions; atomic particles carry several other types, such as a charge called baryonic charge, which is characterized by heavy particles or baryons, such as the proton and neutron. The electric charge of the neutron is actually zero, but it carries another charge, the baryonic charge, so there must be an anti-neutron. Experiments have shown that the antineutron is the antiparticle of the neutron, with no net electric charge but the opposite baryon number (+1 for the neutron, 1 for the antineutron).
When matter and antimatter interact, a neutral product is produced; this could be light, as when an electron collides with a positron, or neutral radiation, such as P-mesons, as when a proton collides with its antiproton.
In our pursuit of knowledge, we have come to understand the nature of photons, the fundamental particles that compose light. These particles possess no mass and exist solely as carriers of kinetic energy. When an electron and positron collide, their transformation into kinetic energy is a testament to the intrinsic nature of matter. This convergence gives rise to light, which is captured within matter prior to this transformation. Fascinatingly, the distinction between atomic particles and their counterparts blurs, leading us to conclude that the anti-photon is indistinguishable from its counterpart, the photon. In essence, the photon embodies a symmetrical identity, representing the center of the Universe's symmetry. It becomes evident that light assumes the role of an absolute cosmic reference for both matter and antimatter. This realization underscores the profound depth and complexity of the concepts that underpin our understanding of matter.
When an atomic particle collides with its antiparticle, a profoundly energetic event unfolds. The resulting collision leads to the complete annihilation of matter and antimatter, resulting in the release of a tremendous amount of energy. This stands in contrast to atomic or nuclear reactions, where only a fraction of matter is transformed into energy, leaving behind various forms of matter and radiation. While such violent reactions are observed on a small scale within particle accelerators like the CERN reactor in Switzerland, they also occur on a grand scale during explosive events on the sun. Notably, Professor Berkeley and his team from the University of California observed the emergence of approximately half a kilogram of antimatter during each explosion in 2002 using NASA's Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager-RHESSI space telescope.[1]
The concept of universal duality, a principle that permeates all of existence, finds its divine articulation in the sacred text of the Quran, specifically within the contours of verse 36:36. This verse serves as a celestial beacon, illuminating this profound truth for all of humanity.
“Exalted is He who created all pairs from what the earth grows and from themselves and from that which they do not know” – (36-36)
-------------------------------------------------
[1]. Sarah Graham, Solar Flare Serves Up Antimatter Surprises, Scientific American, September 5 2003.
