الاصطلاحات الأساسية في اللغة الانكليزية / الجزء الثالث
03-07-2016, 01:00 PM
الاصطلاحات الأساسية في اللغة الانكليزية
تأليف وترجمة: قحطــان فؤاد الخطيب / العراق
الجزء الثالث Part Three
تعبيرات اصطلاحية أكثر More Idiomatic Expressions
1- according to = (as shown by something)
حسب ، طبقا لـ ، بموجب
Shylock was punished according to the law.
2- a large number of = (plural form of a countable noun)
عدد كبير من
There are a large number of spoons on the table.
3- the large amount of = (singular + uncountable noun + singular)
كمية كبيرة من
There is a large amount of water in the swimming pool
4- a little way off = (singular - a distance in space)
مسافة قليلة
I met him a little way off the market.
5- afraid of = (having or showing fear)
خائف من
My friend is afraid of snakes.
6- after all = (in spite of everything)
بالرغم من كل شيء
After all, it does not matter whether you come or not !
7- all over = (at an end, finished)
انتهت
The lecture was all over when I entered the class.
8- angry at = (feeling or showing anger)
غاضب لـ
Mr. Brown was angry at the failure of his son at college.
9- angry with = (feeling or showing anger)
غاضب من
The director is angry with his employee.
10- apart from = (except for)
ما عدا ، فضلا عن
Apart from her illness, the girl is a good servant.
11- as a result = (what happens because of an action or event)
كنتيجة
I worked hard last night. As a result I am tired now.
12- ashamed of = (feeling sorry about somebody or something)
خجول
Tom must be ashamed of his bad behavior.
13- at all = (in any degree)
مطلقا
Our architect never tells a lie at all.
14- at any rate = (used when you are giving more exact information about something)
على الأقل ، على الأصح
The runners were slow; at any rate they arrived in time.
15-
at best = (taking the most hopeful view)
في أحسن الأحوال
The sick man cannot live more than three days at best.
16- at first sight = (at the first time of seeing or considering)
من النظرة الأولى
Love, at first sight, is never right for some people.
17- at least = (not less than, and probably more, in the minimum)
على الأقل
I need at least an hour to finish my report.
18- busy at = (not free, having a lot of work or tasks to do)
مشغول بـ
I was busy at work this morning when you phoned me.
19- busy with = (to keep oneself busy)
يشغل نفسه بـ
To forget his troubles, the doctor busied himself with reading.
20- by a stroke of luck = (singular-something that happens unexpectedly)
شيء مفاجئ
I met the postman by a stroke of luck .
21- by accident = (by chance, without being planned)
مصادفة
The gang broke the window by accident.
22- by mistake = (in error)
خطأ ، بالغلط ، سهوا
Sorry, I took your book by mistake.
23- byte = (computing-a unit of information that can represent one item, such as a letter or a number)
وحدة معلومات في الكومبيوتر
A byte is usually made up of a series of eight small units called bits
24- can afford = (to have enough money to do something)
يقدر ماليا
I think Mary can afford to buy a big house.
25- certain of = (completely sure, without doubt)
متأكد ، واثق
The policeman is quite certain of one thing-she didn’t take the money.
26- composed of = (made up of something, having as its parts)
مؤلف من
Water is composed of oxygen and hydrogen.
27- due to = (caused by or because of somebody or something)
ناتج عن ، بسبب
His absence was due to his illness.
28- familiar to = (well-known to somebody)
مألوف ، معروف
Helen’s face seemed familiar to all of us.
29- familiar with = (having a good knowledge of something)
ذو إلمام ، عليم
The new tourist is familiar with our customs.
30-
for ever = (for good)
مدى الحياة
Sue will stay here for ever.
31- for fear of = (because of anxiety)
خوفا من
The servant shut the door for fear of seeing the thief.
32- for the purpose of = (the reason for doing or making something)
لغرض
She went to the market for the purpose of buying a pullover.
33- from now on = (starting at a particular time and continuing for ever)
من الآن فصاعدا
From now on, my brothers will not speak to that liar.
34- full of = (holding or containing as much or as many as possible
مملوء بـ
This bag is full of potatoes.
35- good for nothing = (suitable for nothing)
لا يصلح لأي شيء
This servant is a good for nothing .
36- grateful to = (thankful)
ممتن
I am grateful to you for your kind attention.
37- guilty of = (having broken the law, being responsible for doing something wrong)
مذنب بـ
The porter is guilty of murder and theft.
38- hearty welcome = (showing warm and friendly feelings)
تحية قلبية حارة
Linda was given a hearty welcome when she arrived.
39- hopeful for = (giving help)
محب للمساعدة ، مفيد ، معين
The teacher is hopeful for his students in the exam.
40- in case = (because something might happen)
تحسبا لـ ، في حالة
In case you do not know, I shall tell you.
41- in charge of = (in control or command of something or somebody)
مشرف على ، مسؤول عن
That librarian was in charge of this library last year.
42- in comparison with somebody or something = (when compared)
بالمقارنة مع ، بالنسبة إلى
Mr. Ivan's knowledge of English is great in comparison with David’s.
43- in memory of somebody = (in order to remind people of somebody who had died)
تخليدا لذكرى
Philip kept his photograph in memory of the death.
44- in public = (when other people are present)
علنا ، أمام الملأ
I don’t like to speak about my experience in public.
45-
in return for something = (as payment or in exchange for something)
مقابل ، لقاء ، عوضا عن
Jack treats me kindly in return for my help to him.
46- in spite of = (despite)
بالرغم من
The pupil came to school in spite of the heavy rain.
47- take care of = (look after)
يعتني بـ
After his mother’s death, my aunt took care of the baby.
48- in time = (not late, at the right time)
في الوقت المطلوب ، قبل فوات الأوان
I reached home in time as usual.
49- in turn = (one after the other)
على التعاقب
Please leave the classroom in turn.
50- innocent of something = (not having done wrong, not guilty)
بريء
The man is innocent of the crime.
51- instead of = (in the place of somebody or something)
بدلا من ، عوضا عن
Instead of traveling by train , he traveled by plane.
52- interested in = (wanting to know or hear about something or somebody, keen on)
مهتم بـ
David is interested in collecting stamps.
53- by any chance = (used for asking somebody politely, perhaps or possibly)
ربما ، لعلك
Are you, by any chance, going to theater this evening ?
54- it is no use = (it is no value)
لا فائدة من
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
55- jealous of = (feeling upset because you think that somebody loves another person more than you)
غيور
That girl is jealous of Paul whenever he speaks with his girl friend.
56- married to somebody = (having a husband or wife)
متزوج
Old Mac was married to a new wife in 2014.
57- no doubt = (a feeling of certainty)
لا شك
No doubt, the nurse will come this evening to see the patient.
58- not only .... but also = (besides, moreover)
ليس .. فحسب .. وإنما أيضا
Today is not only stormy but also windy.
59- to break open = (to open by force)
يفتح قفلا عنوة
Two thieves broke open the safe in the cashier’s room.
60-
to break out = (to start suddenly-said of wars, fighting, fires)
يندلع ، ينشب
The Second World War broke out in 1941.
61- to call in = (to ask someone to come)
يستدعي
I called in doctor Jones when my father’s case was serious.
62- to call upon = (to request, invite)
يناشد
The judge called upon the defendant to tell the truth.
63- to carry away = (to shift)
ينقل
The doorman carried away the rubbish very quickly .
64- to carry off = (to shift by force)
ينقل بالقوة
The stranger carried off the money secretly.
65- to carry on = (to go on, keep on, continue)
يستمر
The workers cannot carry on the work without cement.
66- to come out = (to appear)
يطلع ، يصدر ، يظهر
The news came out yesterday in the evening paper.
67- to come to her senses = (to revive, become healthy again)
يفيق من إغماء
She had fainted, and it took her two days to come to her senses.
68- to come upon = (to meet by chance)
يلتقي صدفة
They were wandering in the desert , when they came upon a spring of water.
69- to compare to = (to consider people or things in order to find ways in which they are similar or different)
يقارن بـ
Some poets compare roses to sweet girls.
70- to compare with = (to be of the same quality as somebody or something)
يشبه ، يعادل في النوعية
I can not compare your handwriting with mine at all.
71- to consist of = (to be made up of something)
يتألف من
Water consists of oxygen and hydrogen.
72- to dress up = (to put on special or unusual clothes for fun or for a play)
يرتدي ملابس تنكرية
I shall go and dress up for Mr. Miller’s party.
73- to cut out = (to remove something or to form something into a particular shape by cutting)
يفصل ثوبا أو أي شيء
I can see a tailor cut out a coat from the roll of cloth for Susan.
74- to deal in something = (to buy and sell something, to trade in something)
يتاجر بـ
That merchant deals in various goods.
75- to deal with somebody = (to behave towards somebody or something, handle something)
يتعامل مع ، يعامل
Nobody quite knows how to deal with this problem.
76- to depend on = (to rely on)
يعتمد على ، يتكل على
The baby depends on his parents for advice.
77- to do one’s best = (to try very hard)
يبذل قصارى جهده
The mountaineer did his best to climb Mount Everest.
78- to dress in something = (to wear something)
يرتدي ، يلبس
The girl was dressed in black at the funeral.
79- to earn his living = (to get money by working for his living)
يكسب عيشه
Arthur earns his living as an artist.
80- to fight for something = (to try very hard to get or keep something)
يكافح لأجل
Those citizens are fighting for their rights.
81- to fill with = (to make something full or become full)
يملأ
The milkman filled the bottle with milk.
82- to find out = (to discover)
يكتشف
The passengers found out that it was too late to catch the train.
83- fond of something = (interested in something)
مولع بـ
I am fond of plying the piano.
84- to free from something = (not having something dangerous, unpleasant, etc.)
يفلت من ، يهرب
How wonderful to go away for a month, free from worries and responsibility !
85- to go about something = (to start trying to do something difficult)
يباشر أمرا صعبا
I wouldn’t have any idea how to go about building a house.
86- to go after = (to follow, pursue)
يسعى وراء ، يتبع
The police went after the criminal and caught him at last.
87- to go away = (to depart, go off, leave)
يغادر ، يذهب ، يمضي
Our guest wanted to go away but I refused.
88- to have something on = (to wear as clothes)
يرتدي
I had no shoes on when I met the postman.
89- to keep away = (to be away from)
يبتعد
You must keep away from the well. It is very deep.
90- to keep down = (to hold in subjection, prevent from rising)
يقمع
It will take a strong force to keep down the mountain tribes.
91- to keep in with = (to continue to agree with, not to quarrel with)
يبقى على علاقة ودية مع
He will keep in with the paymaster if he possibly can.
92- to laugh at somebody or something = (to show by laughing that you think somebody or something is funny)
يسخر من ، يهزا بـ
Don’t laugh at anybody at all.
93- to lead on to = (to continue leading as far as)
يغري بسلوك سبيل الضلال
Gambling often leads on to other vices.
94- to learn by heart = (to memorize)
يحفظ على ظهر قلب
You must learn this poem by heart.
95- to leave out = (to omit)
يهمل ، يسقط
In copying this paper, be careful not to leave out any words.
96- to let off = (to release)
يعفو عن ، يطلق سراح ، يحرر
The police officer let that man off.
97- to look about = (to look on all sides)
يحترس ، يتفحص ما حوله
Look about. One is to be on the watch.
98- to look like = (to resemble)
يشبه
Barbara looks like a queen now.
99- to look up to a person = (to respect him/her, to regard him/her with esteem)
يحترم ، يعجب بـ
We all look up to our instructor because of his good character.
100- to make haste = (to hurry up)
يسرع
Make haste. We are late for the airplane.
101- to make up for = (to compensate for)
يعوض عن
The absent students cannot make up for this lecture.
تأليف وترجمة: قحطــان فؤاد الخطيب / العراق
الجزء الثالث Part Three
تعبيرات اصطلاحية أكثر More Idiomatic Expressions
1- according to = (as shown by something)
حسب ، طبقا لـ ، بموجب
Shylock was punished according to the law.
2- a large number of = (plural form of a countable noun)
عدد كبير من
There are a large number of spoons on the table.
3- the large amount of = (singular + uncountable noun + singular)
كمية كبيرة من
There is a large amount of water in the swimming pool
4- a little way off = (singular - a distance in space)
مسافة قليلة
I met him a little way off the market.
5- afraid of = (having or showing fear)
خائف من
My friend is afraid of snakes.
6- after all = (in spite of everything)
بالرغم من كل شيء
After all, it does not matter whether you come or not !
7- all over = (at an end, finished)
انتهت
The lecture was all over when I entered the class.
8- angry at = (feeling or showing anger)
غاضب لـ
Mr. Brown was angry at the failure of his son at college.
9- angry with = (feeling or showing anger)
غاضب من
The director is angry with his employee.
10- apart from = (except for)
ما عدا ، فضلا عن
Apart from her illness, the girl is a good servant.
11- as a result = (what happens because of an action or event)
كنتيجة
I worked hard last night. As a result I am tired now.
12- ashamed of = (feeling sorry about somebody or something)
خجول
Tom must be ashamed of his bad behavior.
13- at all = (in any degree)
مطلقا
Our architect never tells a lie at all.
14- at any rate = (used when you are giving more exact information about something)
على الأقل ، على الأصح
The runners were slow; at any rate they arrived in time.
15-
at best = (taking the most hopeful view)
في أحسن الأحوال
The sick man cannot live more than three days at best.
16- at first sight = (at the first time of seeing or considering)
من النظرة الأولى
Love, at first sight, is never right for some people.
17- at least = (not less than, and probably more, in the minimum)
على الأقل
I need at least an hour to finish my report.
18- busy at = (not free, having a lot of work or tasks to do)
مشغول بـ
I was busy at work this morning when you phoned me.
19- busy with = (to keep oneself busy)
يشغل نفسه بـ
To forget his troubles, the doctor busied himself with reading.
20- by a stroke of luck = (singular-something that happens unexpectedly)
شيء مفاجئ
I met the postman by a stroke of luck .
21- by accident = (by chance, without being planned)
مصادفة
The gang broke the window by accident.
22- by mistake = (in error)
خطأ ، بالغلط ، سهوا
Sorry, I took your book by mistake.
23- byte = (computing-a unit of information that can represent one item, such as a letter or a number)
وحدة معلومات في الكومبيوتر
A byte is usually made up of a series of eight small units called bits
24- can afford = (to have enough money to do something)
يقدر ماليا
I think Mary can afford to buy a big house.
25- certain of = (completely sure, without doubt)
متأكد ، واثق
The policeman is quite certain of one thing-she didn’t take the money.
26- composed of = (made up of something, having as its parts)
مؤلف من
Water is composed of oxygen and hydrogen.
27- due to = (caused by or because of somebody or something)
ناتج عن ، بسبب
His absence was due to his illness.
28- familiar to = (well-known to somebody)
مألوف ، معروف
Helen’s face seemed familiar to all of us.
29- familiar with = (having a good knowledge of something)
ذو إلمام ، عليم
The new tourist is familiar with our customs.
30-
for ever = (for good)
مدى الحياة
Sue will stay here for ever.
31- for fear of = (because of anxiety)
خوفا من
The servant shut the door for fear of seeing the thief.
32- for the purpose of = (the reason for doing or making something)
لغرض
She went to the market for the purpose of buying a pullover.
33- from now on = (starting at a particular time and continuing for ever)
من الآن فصاعدا
From now on, my brothers will not speak to that liar.
34- full of = (holding or containing as much or as many as possible
مملوء بـ
This bag is full of potatoes.
35- good for nothing = (suitable for nothing)
لا يصلح لأي شيء
This servant is a good for nothing .
36- grateful to = (thankful)
ممتن
I am grateful to you for your kind attention.
37- guilty of = (having broken the law, being responsible for doing something wrong)
مذنب بـ
The porter is guilty of murder and theft.
38- hearty welcome = (showing warm and friendly feelings)
تحية قلبية حارة
Linda was given a hearty welcome when she arrived.
39- hopeful for = (giving help)
محب للمساعدة ، مفيد ، معين
The teacher is hopeful for his students in the exam.
40- in case = (because something might happen)
تحسبا لـ ، في حالة
In case you do not know, I shall tell you.
41- in charge of = (in control or command of something or somebody)
مشرف على ، مسؤول عن
That librarian was in charge of this library last year.
42- in comparison with somebody or something = (when compared)
بالمقارنة مع ، بالنسبة إلى
Mr. Ivan's knowledge of English is great in comparison with David’s.
43- in memory of somebody = (in order to remind people of somebody who had died)
تخليدا لذكرى
Philip kept his photograph in memory of the death.
44- in public = (when other people are present)
علنا ، أمام الملأ
I don’t like to speak about my experience in public.
45-
in return for something = (as payment or in exchange for something)
مقابل ، لقاء ، عوضا عن
Jack treats me kindly in return for my help to him.
46- in spite of = (despite)
بالرغم من
The pupil came to school in spite of the heavy rain.
47- take care of = (look after)
يعتني بـ
After his mother’s death, my aunt took care of the baby.
48- in time = (not late, at the right time)
في الوقت المطلوب ، قبل فوات الأوان
I reached home in time as usual.
49- in turn = (one after the other)
على التعاقب
Please leave the classroom in turn.
50- innocent of something = (not having done wrong, not guilty)
بريء
The man is innocent of the crime.
51- instead of = (in the place of somebody or something)
بدلا من ، عوضا عن
Instead of traveling by train , he traveled by plane.
52- interested in = (wanting to know or hear about something or somebody, keen on)
مهتم بـ
David is interested in collecting stamps.
53- by any chance = (used for asking somebody politely, perhaps or possibly)
ربما ، لعلك
Are you, by any chance, going to theater this evening ?
54- it is no use = (it is no value)
لا فائدة من
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
55- jealous of = (feeling upset because you think that somebody loves another person more than you)
غيور
That girl is jealous of Paul whenever he speaks with his girl friend.
56- married to somebody = (having a husband or wife)
متزوج
Old Mac was married to a new wife in 2014.
57- no doubt = (a feeling of certainty)
لا شك
No doubt, the nurse will come this evening to see the patient.
58- not only .... but also = (besides, moreover)
ليس .. فحسب .. وإنما أيضا
Today is not only stormy but also windy.
59- to break open = (to open by force)
يفتح قفلا عنوة
Two thieves broke open the safe in the cashier’s room.
60-
to break out = (to start suddenly-said of wars, fighting, fires)
يندلع ، ينشب
The Second World War broke out in 1941.
61- to call in = (to ask someone to come)
يستدعي
I called in doctor Jones when my father’s case was serious.
62- to call upon = (to request, invite)
يناشد
The judge called upon the defendant to tell the truth.
63- to carry away = (to shift)
ينقل
The doorman carried away the rubbish very quickly .
64- to carry off = (to shift by force)
ينقل بالقوة
The stranger carried off the money secretly.
65- to carry on = (to go on, keep on, continue)
يستمر
The workers cannot carry on the work without cement.
66- to come out = (to appear)
يطلع ، يصدر ، يظهر
The news came out yesterday in the evening paper.
67- to come to her senses = (to revive, become healthy again)
يفيق من إغماء
She had fainted, and it took her two days to come to her senses.
68- to come upon = (to meet by chance)
يلتقي صدفة
They were wandering in the desert , when they came upon a spring of water.
69- to compare to = (to consider people or things in order to find ways in which they are similar or different)
يقارن بـ
Some poets compare roses to sweet girls.
70- to compare with = (to be of the same quality as somebody or something)
يشبه ، يعادل في النوعية
I can not compare your handwriting with mine at all.
71- to consist of = (to be made up of something)
يتألف من
Water consists of oxygen and hydrogen.
72- to dress up = (to put on special or unusual clothes for fun or for a play)
يرتدي ملابس تنكرية
I shall go and dress up for Mr. Miller’s party.
73- to cut out = (to remove something or to form something into a particular shape by cutting)
يفصل ثوبا أو أي شيء
I can see a tailor cut out a coat from the roll of cloth for Susan.
74- to deal in something = (to buy and sell something, to trade in something)
يتاجر بـ
That merchant deals in various goods.
75- to deal with somebody = (to behave towards somebody or something, handle something)
يتعامل مع ، يعامل
Nobody quite knows how to deal with this problem.
76- to depend on = (to rely on)
يعتمد على ، يتكل على
The baby depends on his parents for advice.
77- to do one’s best = (to try very hard)
يبذل قصارى جهده
The mountaineer did his best to climb Mount Everest.
78- to dress in something = (to wear something)
يرتدي ، يلبس
The girl was dressed in black at the funeral.
79- to earn his living = (to get money by working for his living)
يكسب عيشه
Arthur earns his living as an artist.
80- to fight for something = (to try very hard to get or keep something)
يكافح لأجل
Those citizens are fighting for their rights.
81- to fill with = (to make something full or become full)
يملأ
The milkman filled the bottle with milk.
82- to find out = (to discover)
يكتشف
The passengers found out that it was too late to catch the train.
83- fond of something = (interested in something)
مولع بـ
I am fond of plying the piano.
84- to free from something = (not having something dangerous, unpleasant, etc.)
يفلت من ، يهرب
How wonderful to go away for a month, free from worries and responsibility !
85- to go about something = (to start trying to do something difficult)
يباشر أمرا صعبا
I wouldn’t have any idea how to go about building a house.
86- to go after = (to follow, pursue)
يسعى وراء ، يتبع
The police went after the criminal and caught him at last.
87- to go away = (to depart, go off, leave)
يغادر ، يذهب ، يمضي
Our guest wanted to go away but I refused.
88- to have something on = (to wear as clothes)
يرتدي
I had no shoes on when I met the postman.
89- to keep away = (to be away from)
يبتعد
You must keep away from the well. It is very deep.
90- to keep down = (to hold in subjection, prevent from rising)
يقمع
It will take a strong force to keep down the mountain tribes.
91- to keep in with = (to continue to agree with, not to quarrel with)
يبقى على علاقة ودية مع
He will keep in with the paymaster if he possibly can.
92- to laugh at somebody or something = (to show by laughing that you think somebody or something is funny)
يسخر من ، يهزا بـ
Don’t laugh at anybody at all.
93- to lead on to = (to continue leading as far as)
يغري بسلوك سبيل الضلال
Gambling often leads on to other vices.
94- to learn by heart = (to memorize)
يحفظ على ظهر قلب
You must learn this poem by heart.
95- to leave out = (to omit)
يهمل ، يسقط
In copying this paper, be careful not to leave out any words.
96- to let off = (to release)
يعفو عن ، يطلق سراح ، يحرر
The police officer let that man off.
97- to look about = (to look on all sides)
يحترس ، يتفحص ما حوله
Look about. One is to be on the watch.
98- to look like = (to resemble)
يشبه
Barbara looks like a queen now.
99- to look up to a person = (to respect him/her, to regard him/her with esteem)
يحترم ، يعجب بـ
We all look up to our instructor because of his good character.
100- to make haste = (to hurry up)
يسرع
Make haste. We are late for the airplane.
101- to make up for = (to compensate for)
يعوض عن
The absent students cannot make up for this lecture.
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