مصادرالقانون الدولي العام [الأرشيف] - منتديات الشروق أونلاين

تـقــ الله ــــوى

23-11-2011, 08:23 PM

أفيدونا رجاءا بالاجابة عن الاسئلة التالية:
-هل يمكن للمعاهدات الدولية ان تسري بأثر رجعيي؟

المعاهدات الدولية لا تسري باثر رجعي الا اذا كان هناك بند في المعاهدة ينص على التاريخ اللذي يبدا منه سريان المعاهدة.
و المبدأ العام أن المعاهدة لا تسري بأثر رجعي إلا إذا كانت هذه المعاهدة تصحح أوضاعاً فاســدة

-هل تعتبر قرارات المنظمات الدولية مصدر من مصادر القانون الدولي العام؟
لا يمكن إعتبـــار قرارات المنظمات الدولية مصدر من مصادر القانون العام(معلومة غير مؤكــدة أحتاج لمختص يجيبك عن سؤالك)

-ماهي الحالات التي يتعارض فيها العرف مع المعاهدات؟

هناك جدل فقهي كبيرفي نطاق فقه القانون الدولي التقليدي فيما اذا كانت المصادر المشار اليها في المادة38من النظام الاساسي لمحكمة العدل الدولية والتي نقلت حرفيا عن النظام الاساسي لمحكمة العدل الدولية الدائمة المعتمد سنة 1920 هل جاء ذكرها على سبيل المثال ام على سبيل الحصر ؟؟؟
غير ان الاعتراف بمصادر اخرى جديدة للقانون الدولي و التسليم بوجودها قد يجعل من السهل القول بان ذكر المصادر في المادة اعلاه جاء على سبيل المثال لا الحصر،وفي هذا حسم للجدال الفقهي حولها .

ومن هنا نجد ان المصادر الرسمية للقانون الدولي هي
-المعاهدات الدولية
-العرف الدولي
-المبادئ القانونية العامة

اما المصادر الاحتياطية فهي
-احكام المحاكم( المحكمــة العدل الدولية ,المحكمة الجنائية الدولية ,احكام المحاكم الداخلية في بعض الاحيان)
-الفقه الدولي
-مبادئ العدالة
و يعتبرالعرف مصدر رسمي من مصادر القانون الدولي العام بعنصريه المادي و المعنوي وقد نص عليه النظام الأساسي العام لمحكمة العدل الدولية في م 38 و إن كان سؤالك عن نعارض المعاهدة الدولية مع قواعد عرفية داخلية فهذا يخضع لما إذا كانت الدولة قد صادقت عليها أم لا و بالنسبة للجزائر فالمعاهدات الدولية تسمو حتى على الدستور فما بالك إذا كانت القاعدة عرفية
و باعتبار أن العرف الدولي مصدر أساسي للقانون الدولي العام فإن أغلب قواعده الدولية و التي كانت منتشرة بين الدول كقواعد معاملة الأسرى و الني كان متعارف عليها بين الدول قد تم تقنينها و اعتمادها كقواعد دولية تطبق على الكافة و بالتالي هذا الإشكال نادرا ما يطرح

اتمنى ان أكون أفدتك و لو بالقليل أختي و إذا كان هناك اي استفسار آخر أنا في الخدمة
بالتوفيـــق...

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